What is the cause of cervical erosion?

Cervical erosion is a common gynecological phenomenon, which is mainly related to changes in hormone levels, inflammatory stimulation and the natural renewal of cervical epithelial cells. It is not a disease, but a physiological change, and usually does not require excessive treatment.

1. Changes in hormone levels

Fluctuations in estrogen levels in women can affect the growth and shedding of cervical epithelial cells. During puberty, pregnancy, or when taking birth control pills, elevated estrogen levels may cause the cervical columnar epithelium to move outward, creating an "erosive" appearance. This condition usually does not require special treatment and will naturally recover as hormone levels stabilize.

2. Inflammatory stimulation

When the cervix is ​​infected by bacteria, viruses or fungi, it may cause inflammation, resulting in damage to the surface cells of the cervix and erosion-like changes. Common pathogens include human papillomavirus (HPV), mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc. Treatment should be based on the specific type of infection and antibiotics or antiviral drugs, such as azithromycin, doxycycline or interferon.

3. Natural renewal of cervical epithelial cells

The cervical epithelial cells will be renewed periodically, and the new columnar epithelial cells may cover the original squamous epithelium, forming an erosion-like appearance. This is a normal physiological phenomenon and usually does not require intervention. If accompanied by discomfort symptoms, such as increased leucorrhea or contact bleeding, it can be treated with local medications, such as Baofukang suppositories or compound zedoary oil suppositories.

4. Trauma or surgery

Mechanical damage to the cervix, such as childbirth, abortion, or cervical surgery, may lead to erosion-like changes in the local tissue repair process. In this case, attention should be paid to postoperative care to avoid infection, and if necessary, drugs that promote repair, such as recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel, should be used.

5. Pathological factors

In rare cases, cervical erosion may be associated with cervical precancerous lesions or cervical cancer. If the erosion is large or accompanied by abnormal bleeding, cervical cytology (TCT) and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing are required to rule out malignant lesions. Treatments include cervical conization, laser therapy, or cryotherapy.

Cervical erosion is mostly a physiological change and does not require excessive treatment. If accompanied by discomfort or infection, appropriate measures should be taken according to the specific cause. Regular gynecological examinations are the key to preventing and early detection of cervical lesions.