What are the types of vulvar leukoplakia?

Vulvar leukoplakia is a common gynecological disease that many people know about, but many people do not know that vulvar leukoplakia is divided into three types. The following experts will introduce the types of vulvar leukoplakia to you.

1. Mixed type: The above two pathological changes exist in the vulvar skin at the same time, and focal skin thickening or protrusions are often accompanied within the range of white skin. The pathological area of ​​this type of vulvar leukoplakia is relatively large. The color can be pure white, pink white, black spots, and white spots. The itching can be mild or severe. It can atrophy and adhere, or have hyperplasia and sclerosis of varying degrees. The skin loses elasticity, breaks after scratching, forms hard scabs after repeated breaks, and has an uneven surface. Most of the pathological manifestations are surface keratinized cells, and surface hyperkeratinized cells can also be seen. After Papanicolaou staining, the cytoplasm of these cells is orange-yellow, the cell nucleus disappears or only "nuclear shadows" are seen, and nuclear heterogeneous cells are generally not seen.

2. Hyperplastic type: The main symptom of this type of vulvar leukoplakia is extremely itchy. Due to frequent scratching or friction, the skin of the labia majora, the groove between the labia majora, and the clitoral foreskin is obviously raised and thickened with rough wrinkles. Local epidermal keratinization may also occur with scaling or eczema-like changes. The color of the lesion site is mostly dark red or pink due to scratching. Some skin or mucous membranes change to white patches, generally without atrophy or sticky edges. If scratching is excessive, scratches and upper skin defects are common in the lesion area. Combined infection may cause pain or ulceration and pus. The main skin lesions are rough, thickened, hardened, easy to crack and rupture. Its pathological manifestations are hyperkeratosis or incomplete keratinization of the epidermis, thickening of the prickle cell layer, downward extension of the epithelial foot, and varying degrees of lymphocyte and cytoplasmic infiltration in the superficial dermis. Hyperplastic vulvar leukoplakia is divided into typical hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia. Atypical hyperplastic vulvar leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion type and should be highly valued.

3. Atrophic type: The main clinical symptoms are vulvar itching, which is milder than the hyperplastic type, sometimes accompanied by dry, tight, uncomfortable or painful skin lesions. The lesions often involve the labia majora and minora, clitoris, posterior symphysis, and even around the anus. The skin and mucous membranes in the lesion area turn white and thin, the labia majora and minora, and clitoris shrink, dry and have poor elasticity, often with cracks, the labia minora disappear and become flat, the clitoral prepuce adheres, the external opening of the vagina is narrow, and when it worsens, ulcers, pus discharge, and pain occur, causing difficulties in sexual life or childbirth. The pathological manifestations of this type of vulvar leukoplakia are hyperkeratosis of the epidermis and even horn plugs, epidermal atrophy and thinning, decreased melanocytes, blunt or disappeared epithelial horns, edema in the superficial dermis, loss of collagen fiber structure, and lymphocyte infiltration in the middle dermis.

The above content is what experts introduced to you about the types of vulvar leukoplakia. Please pay attention to it. I hope the above content can be helpful to you. If you have other questions about the types of vulvar leukoplakia, please consult online experts and they will give you detailed answers.

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