What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease?

What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease? Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to inflammation of the female upper reproductive tract and surrounding tissues. The inflammation can be limited to one part or involve several parts at the same time. Pelvic inflammatory disease often occurs in women who are sexually active and menstruating. It rarely occurs in women before menarche, after menopause or unmarried people. So what are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease? Let's ask the experts to give us a detailed introduction.

What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease? The five major factors that cause pelvic inflammatory disease are:

Causes of pelvic inflammatory disease 1. Previous pelvic inflammatory disease

The recurrence rate of patients with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease is 20 times that of those without such a history. 20% to 25% of PID patients may have another attack. Rather than considering this as an acute attack of "chronic" inflammation, it is better to consider it as a reinfection. The reason why it is easy to be reinfected is that the fallopian tube epithelium has been damaged, which is more sensitive to pathogens, and the local defense mechanism is impaired. The lack of treatment of sexual partners is an important infection factor.

Causes of pelvic inflammatory disease 2. Sexual partners are not treated

Male partners who carry gonococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, or other pathogens are an important source of infection and recurrence for women, and 80% of the sexual partners of women with pelvic inflammatory disease are untreated. Their lack of symptoms does not mean that they do not have infections such as gonococci.

Causes of pelvic inflammatory disease 3. Sexual activity and number of sexual partners

Sexual activity is closely related to pelvic inflammatory disease, except for IUD and intrauterine operation. In addition, primary pelvic inflammatory disease is mostly caused by sexual activity or sexual exposure. The role of sperm in carrying bacteria should be considered. Homosexuality does not cause pelvic inflammatory disease. Infection has little to do with the frequency of sexual intercourse, but it is related to the number of sexual partners. The incidence rate of women with multiple sexual partners is 5 times that of those without such relationships.

Causes of pelvic inflammatory disease 4. Age

The incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease in young people is higher than that in older people. For example, the incidence of PID in women aged 15 to 19 is three times that of women aged 25 to 29; the incidence of PID in women aged 20 to 24 is twice that of women aged 25 to 29. These are the survey figures in the West, while in my country, the peak age of onset is around 30 years old. The high incidence rate in young people is not only due to the period of vigorous sexual activity, but also due to the instability of sexual partners.

Causes of pelvic inflammatory disease 5. Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)

It is generally reported that the risk of disease is 2 to 4 times higher for IUD users than for non-users. However, it can be as high as 15 times. Of course, it is also related to the type of contraceptive device. For example, contraceptive rings with tails are more likely to cause pelvic inflammatory disease. The moist surface of the tail thread is the "pole" for bacteria to move upward. Infections caused by IUDs are often non-gonococcal pathogens.

The above content is the expert's introduction on "What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease?" I hope the above content can be helpful to you. If you need more detailed information, please click online to consult an expert, and the expert will give you a detailed answer!

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