How to perform uterine fibroid surgery and what are the preventive measures for uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are benign tumors formed by the proliferation of uterine smooth muscle tissue. Common manifestations include uterine bleeding, pain, abdominal mass, compression symptoms of adjacent organs, increased leucorrhea, anemia, heart dysfunction, etc. Some patients have no symptoms and often find uterine fibroids during gynecological examinations. Uterine fibroids are the most common benign gynecological tumors, and are more common in women aged 30-50 years. According to the different locations of uterine fibroids, they can be divided into intramural, subserosal, submucosal and intra-broad ligament fibroids.

Treatment: If the fibroids are small, asymptomatic, without complications and degeneration, generally no treatment is needed. Especially for people approaching menopause, due to the low estrogen level after menopause, the fibroids will naturally shrink or disappear, and only regular (3-6 months) review is required. If the fibroids are found to be enlarged or the symptoms are obvious, please consider further treatment.

2. Surgical treatment:

(i) Hysterectomy is suitable for women with a uterine size > 3 months of pregnancy, a small fibroid but obvious symptoms, or a fast-growing fibroid and malignancy cannot be ruled out.

(ii) Myomectomy: Suitable for patients under 35 years old, unmarried or childless.

3. Drug treatment: used for patients with small fibroids, mild symptoms, near menopause or general condition that cannot tolerate surgery.

(a) Methyltestosterone, testosterone propionate.

(ii) Progestogens:

① Norethindrone for patients who want to have children.

②Choose progesterone acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethindrone, etc.

③Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues.