What are the main causes of spontaneous abortion? Learn more about it early

The causes of spontaneous abortion include embryo factors, maternal factors, paternal factors and environmental factors. The main cause of spontaneous abortion is problems in the pregnant woman's body. Some pregnant women suffer from certain diseases, such as gynecological diseases, endocrine disorders, genetic diseases, etc. Because the presence of these diseases can cause spontaneous abortion in pregnant women, you should seize the time after pregnancy and check in the hospital to determine whether the fetus is stable.

Miscarriage is a situation that many early pregnant women encounter. Pregnancy itself is a happy thing. If miscarriage is caused by congenital factors, we can only accept it. But if miscarriage is caused by acquired factors, it will cause great harm to our physical and mental health. So what are the main causes of spontaneous abortion?
1. Embryonic factors <br/>Embryonic chromosomal abnormalities are the main cause of miscarriage. According to early miscarriage data, 50%-60% have chromosomal abnormalities. Any chromosomal abnormalities of both spouses can be passed on to offspring, leading to miscarriage. Chromosomal abnormalities include abnormal numbers and structural abnormalities. In addition to genetic factors, infections, drugs and other adverse reactions may also cause chromosomal abnormalities in offspring, usually leading to miscarriage in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
2. Maternal factors (1) Systemic diseases: high fever during systemic infection can promote miscarriage, and uterine contractions caused by infections such as Treponema pallidum, influenza virus, cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma, chlamydia, toxoplasma, herpes simplex virus, etc. can cause fetal chromosomal aberrations and lead to miscarriage. Miscarriage can also cause miscarriage in patients with heart failure, severe anemia, hypertension, chronic nephritis and severe malnutrition.
(2) Endocrine abnormalities: Luteal insufficiency can lead to early miscarriage. Hypothyroidism, severe diabetes, and uncontrolled blood sugar can also lead to miscarriage.
(3) Abnormal immune function: Immune factors associated with miscarriage include spouse's tissue compatibility antigens (HLA), fetal antigens, blood group antigens (ABO and Rh), and mother's autoimmune status. The same frequency of HLA loci of parents and insufficient blocking antibodies of the mother can also lead to recurrent miscarriage. Incompatibility of maternal and fetal blood types, excessive production of antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnant women, and the presence of antisperm antibodies in couples can lead to rejection of the embryo or fetus and cause miscarriage.
(4) Uterine abnormalities: Uterine malformations such as uterine hypoplasia, unicornuate uterus, didelphys, uterine septum, intrauterine adhesions, and submucosal or intramural uterine fibroids can affect embryo implantation and development and lead to miscarriage. Severe cervical lacerations, internal cervical looseness, and short cervix can lead to fetal rupture and miscarriage.
(5) Traumatic stimulation: Uterine trauma such as surgery, direct impact, excessive sexual intercourse, etc. can also cause miscarriage; excessive tension, anxiety, fear, sadness and other traumas can also cause miscarriage.
(6) Bad habits: Excessive smoking, alcoholism, morphine, heroin and other drugs can cause miscarriage.
3. Father's factors <br/>Research has confirmed that sperm chromosome abnormalities can lead to spontaneous abortion. However, there is no clear basis to determine whether the sperm abnormality rate is related to spontaneous abortion.
4. Environmental factors <br/>Excessive exposure to chemicals such as arsenic, lead, formaldehyde, benzene, chloroprene, ethylene oxide, etc. can also lead to miscarriage.