What are the tests for missed abortion?

Missed abortion is very harmful to women. In order to recover soon and prevent similar abortions next time, it is necessary for patients to go to the hospital for some relevant examinations. In addition, female friends should pay attention to their physical conditioning, pay attention to some health care matters, eat effectively and pay attention to your own examination items. So how should women with habitual abortions be examined?

Missed abortion is also called overdue abortion or retained fetus. The embryo dies and remains in the uterine cavity, and the pregnancy products are generally expelled within 1 to 2 months after the onset of symptoms. Therefore, it is stipulated that if the embryo has not been expelled naturally 2 months after the embryo stops developing, it is called missed abortion. The main examinations for missed abortion are as follows:

1. Immune examination: Immune abortion includes alloimmune disorders and autoimmune abnormalities. The screening of alloimmune disorders requires blocking antibodies, couples hla pairing and other tests. Currently, blocking antibodies are the most common and practical tests. If the blocking antibodies are negative, it means that the mother cannot produce "blocking antibodies" that protect the embryo. The embryo will be attacked by the mother's immune cells and easily stop growing. Autoimmune abnormalities require the examination of antibodies in the mother's body, such as antiphospholipid antibodies, antisperm antibodies, anti-progesterone antibodies, anti-estrogen antibodies, etc. The doctor must find out which antibodies have a greater impact on missed abortion.

2. Anatomical factors examination: Anatomical factors that cause missed abortion mainly include the following aspects: cervical insufficiency, uterine malformation (such as uterine septum, unicornuate uterus, bicornuate uterus, saddle uterus, etc.), uterine fibroids or adenomyomas, intrauterine adhesions, etc. Diagnosis mainly relies on ultrasound, intrauterine iodized oil angiography, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, cervical dilator and other examinations.

3. Endocrine diagnosis: Endocrine abnormalities that lead to miscarriage include gynecological endocrine abnormalities and internal medicine endocrine abnormalities. Gynecological endocrine abnormalities include common corpus luteum dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc. Gynecological endocrine abnormalities require basal body temperature measurement (BBT), endometrial biopsy, hormone measurement, serum prolactin (PRL) measurement, etc. Internal medicine endocrine abnormalities are mainly diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, and related diseases and hormones should also be checked.

4. Genetic examination: Currently, the most commonly performed genetic examination is the chromosome examination of couples. Genetic examination is relatively difficult, and all patients must undergo chromosome examination.

5. Examination of pathogen infection: Although infection factors are not the direct cause of missed abortion, patients must undergo examination of the reproductive tract for relevant pathogens before becoming pregnant again to understand whether there is any microbial infection and provide appropriate treatment.