What are the common causes of cervical precancerous lesions?

There are many reasons for cervical precancerous lesions, but they are mainly related to marriage and sex life. Early marriage, early childbearing, frequent sexual intercourse, multiple births, cervical erosion, sex hormone imbalance, etc. can induce cervical cancer. If the cells of the female cervix are stimulated or infected for a long time, a series of inflammatory reactions will occur, and the normal and healthy cervical cells will become abnormally proliferative and may turn into early cervical cancer cells.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Globally, more than 200,000 women die from cervical cancer each year. The cause of cervical precancerous lesions is still unclear, but it is currently believed to be the result of a synergistic combination of multiple factors, including the following:

Cause 1 of cervical precancerous lesions: improper sexual life

Women who do not have sex usually do not develop cervical cancer. The earlier they have improper sex, the more likely they are to develop cervical cancer. Sexual promiscuity (including both men and women), young age of first sexual intercourse, marital and reproductive factors, cervical erosion, viral infection (HSV-2, HPV), etc. are high-risk factors for cervical cancer. Foreign reports show that those who start sex before the age of 15 or have more than 6 sexual partners have a 10-fold increased risk of cervical cancer. At the same time, the cholesterol in the smegma of men can be converted into carcinogens after being acted upon by bacteria, which is also an important cause of cervical cancer.

Cause 2 of cervical precancerous lesions: HPV infection

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main factor causing cervical cancer. More than 90% of cervical cancer patients are accompanied by high-risk HPV infection. When HPV infection persists, it can induce cervical cancer under the influence of factors such as smoking, use of contraceptives, sexually transmitted diseases, etc. This process is long, that is, it takes a relatively long time for HPV infection to develop into precancerous lesions, namely CIN, and it also takes a long time for CIN to develop into cancer. Regular examinations can detect and treat it in time before it becomes cancerous.

Cause 3 of cervical precancerous lesions: cervical inflammation and abnormal hormone secretion

If there is long-term cervical damage, skin breakage, erosion, and inflammation, it may turn into early cervical cancer cells. A survey shows that abnormal secretion of progesterone (a female hormone) will change the stability of cervical epithelial cells, causing abnormal changes and leading to the development of cervical cancer cells.

Cause 4 of cervical precancerous lesions: smoking

Smoking increases the chance of developing cervical cancer because it reduces the body's immunity and accelerates the development of cervical cancer cells. In addition, some carcinogens produced by smoking may also lead to the development of cervical cancer cells.