What are the routine examination items for cervical precancerous lesions?

Cervical precancerous lesions are a common disease in life. This disease not only causes great harm to the physical and mental health of female friends, but also brings many inconveniences to the lives of female patients. So, what are the examination items for cervical precancerous lesions? Women who don’t understand it in life can learn about it through the following introduction.

1. Cervical iodine test. When the cervical exfoliative cytology examination is abnormal or considered to be clinically suspected of cancer, the abnormal area can be found with the help of iodine test, that is, Lugol solution or 2-iodine solution is applied to the surface of the cervix, and the unstained area is the positive area. Sampling biopsy at this site can often improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

2. Cervical biopsy. Cervical biopsy is the most reliable and indispensable method for diagnosing cervical precancerous lesions and their precancerous lesions. In clinic, biopsies are often taken at 3, 6, 9, and 12 o'clock at the junction of the cervical squamous column or at suspicious sites found under iodine test or colposcopy. During the biopsy, it should be noted that the tissue taken should include both epithelium and a certain amount of interstitial tissue to ensure the accuracy of the pathological results.

3. Endocervical biopsy. When the results of repeated cervical exfoliative cytology examinations are grade III or above and the cervical biopsy is negative, you should be alert to the possibility that the lesion is hidden in the cervical canal. Endocervical curettage is required, and the scrapings should be pathologically examined to avoid missed diagnosis.

4. Colposcopy. Under colposcopy, subtle changes in the morphology of the cervical epithelium and blood vessels can be directly observed, such as blood vessel morphology, capillary spacing, epithelial surface and lesion range. Taking a biopsy at the abnormal site can confirm the diagnosis and improve the early diagnosis rate. Currently, there are optical colposcopy and electronic colposcopy.

5. Cytology. Since 1943, Baba Nicola proposed the Papanicolaou staining and grading method of cervical vaginal smears, this method has been used as a screening method in clinic, which has greatly reduced the incidence of cervical precancerous lesions. This method requires scraping the squamous-columnar junction area of ​​the external cervical os for a week for smear, and then fix it in 95% alcohol for at least 15 minutes before performing Papanicolaou staining cytology examination. If cells above grade III are found, it should be taken seriously. If repeated examinations are abnormal, a cervical biopsy should be performed.