Polycystic ovary can cause hypothalamic amenorrhea

Hypothalamic-ovarian axis dysfunction is a complex disease caused by endocrine metabolic abnormalities. Dysfunction in any link of the hypothalamic-ovarian axis will lead to abnormal secretion and mutual regulation of various hormones, inhibit the formation of ovarian estrogen and progesterone, lead to endocrine disorders, and induce amenorrhea.

Polycystic ovary in women causes amenorrhea due to hypothalamic dysfunction, which hinders the secretion of ovarian estrogen. The most common amenorrhea can be caused by hereditary polycystic ovary and non-hereditary polycystic ovary.

Non-genetic factors

Studies have shown that the hormonal environment in the uterus during pregnancy affects the endocrine state of the individual in adulthood. Exposure to high-concentration androgen environments during pregnancy, such as mothers with a history of polycystic ovary or congenital adrenal hyperplasia with poor control of hyperandrogenism, can easily lead to ovulatory dysfunction after puberty.

Genetic factors

Familial ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian changes suggest that the disease has a genetic basis. Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia may be genetic characteristics of family members with polycystic ovary. The role of insulin in promoting ovarian androgen production is also affected by genetic factors or genetic susceptibility. The prevalence of hyperinsulinemia in women and premature hair loss in men is increased in family members with rare ovulation, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian changes. Cytogenetic studies have shown that polycystic ovary may be X-linked recessive, autosomal dominant or multi-gene inheritance. The largest number of genetic genes related to polycystic ovary were found through whole genome scanning, such as candidate genes for steroid hormone synthesis and related functions, androgen synthesis-related regulatory funds, insulin synthesis-related funds, candidate genes for carbohydrate metabolism and energy balance, candidate genes for gonadotropin function and regulation, genes related to adipose tissue, and genes related to chronic inflammation.