Ovarian cysts should be prevented from malignant transformation, rupture or pedicle torsion.

If ovarian cysts are not treated promptly, the following complications are likely to occur.

1. Malignant transformation of ovarian cysts

Malignant transformation of ovarian cysts generally occurs in older patients, especially postmenopausal women. The cysts can rapidly increase in size in a short period of time, causing patients to feel abdominal distension, loss of appetite, etc. Gynecological examinations show that the cysts are relatively fixed and significantly increased in size, and most of them are accompanied by ascites. Symptomatic treatment should be given in a timely manner.

2. Ovarian cyst pedicle torsion

Ovarian cyst pedicle torsion is a gynecological acute abdomen, which often occurs when the body position changes suddenly, in early pregnancy or after delivery. During the examination, it can be found that the cyst is more mobile and the center of gravity is biased to one side. After the cyst pedicle torsions, the venous return of the cyst will be inhibited, resulting in purple-brown congestion and even blood vessel rupture. If the onset of pedicle torsion is acute, the patient will suddenly experience severe pain in the lower abdomen, which may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and even shock in severe cases. Due to the tension of the abdominal wall muscles on the affected side, the examination shows that the local tenderness is more obvious and the tension of the mass is greater.

3. Rupture of ovarian cyst

Ovarian cyst rupture is mainly caused by ischemic necrosis of the cyst wall or erosion of the cyst wall. It can also be induced by adverse stimulation such as local squeezing or trauma. The patient will experience severe abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and even shock. During the examination, abdominal irritation signs such as local tenderness and rebound pain are more obvious, and the original mass will shrink or disappear.