Predisposing factors for acute pelvic inflammatory disease

Acute pelvic inflammatory disease is more common in women who are menstruating and sexually active. The inflammation can be confined to one part or affect several parts at the same time. The development of acute pelvic inflammatory disease can cause diffuse peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening. If it is not completely cured in the acute stage, it will turn into chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, which often does not heal for a long time and can recur repeatedly, leading to infertility.

Predisposing factors for acute pelvic inflammatory disease

1. Postpartum or post-abortion infection: After delivery, the mother is weak and the cervix is ​​not completely closed. For example, if the birth canal is damaged during delivery or there are residual placenta or fetal membranes, pathogens invade the uterine cavity and easily cause infection. If vaginal bleeding lasts too long or tissue remains in the uterine cavity during abortion, or if the surgical aseptic operation is not strict, acute pelvic inflammatory disease may occur.

2. Poor hygiene during menstruation: Using unclean menstrual pads and having sex during menstruation can allow pathogens to invade and cause inflammation. The pathogens of the above infections are mainly pathogens of the endogenous flora of the lower reproductive tract, such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, anaerobic bacteria, etc.

3. Infection with sexually transmitted diseases: People with unclean sexual life history, early sexual life, multiple sexual partners, and frequent sexual intercourse may be invaded by pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases and cause pelvic inflammation. Common pathogens are Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or combined aerobic and anaerobic bacterial infections.