Vulvar redness, swelling, burning, abnormal vaginal discharge

Vulvar redness, swelling, and burning accompanied by abnormal vaginal discharge may be caused by vaginitis, vulvitis, or sexually transmitted infections, and treatment should be based on the specific cause. Common causes include bacterial vaginitis, candidal vaginitis, or Trichomonas vaginitis, and treatments include medication and lifestyle adjustments.

Vulvar redness, swelling, burning, and abnormal vaginal discharge are usually related to infection or inflammation of the vagina or vulva. Bacterial vaginitis is caused by an imbalance of vaginal flora, and common symptoms include increased vaginal discharge, odor, and vulvar discomfort. Candidal vaginitis is mostly caused by Candida infection, which manifests as tofu-like vaginal discharge and obvious vulvar itching and burning. Trichomonas vaginitis is caused by Trichomonas infection, and the vaginal discharge is yellow-green foamy, accompanied by obvious odor and vulvar irritation. Sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhea or chlamydia may also cause similar symptoms. Diagnosis requires a gynecological examination and routine vaginal discharge testing to determine the cause.

Treatments vary for different causes. Bacterial vaginitis is often treated with oral or topical metronidazole or clindamycin, and the course of treatment is usually 5-7 days. Candidal vaginitis can be treated with antifungal drugs such as oral fluconazole or topical clotrimazole suppositories, and the course of treatment is adjusted according to the severity of the disease. Trichomonas vaginitis requires oral treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole, and sexual partners must also be treated at the same time to avoid cross-infection. For sexually transmitted infections, antibiotic treatment should be selected according to the specific pathogen, such as ceftriaxone for gonorrhea and azithromycin for chlamydial infection.

In daily life, it is very important to keep the vulva clean and dry. Avoid using irritating washes and choose mild water to wash the vulva. Wear breathable cotton underwear and avoid tight clothing. In terms of diet, reduce the intake of high-sugar foods and increase the intake of foods rich in probiotics such as yogurt, which will help maintain the balance of vaginal flora. If symptoms persist or worsen, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid self-medication and delaying the condition. Regular gynecological examinations can also help to detect and treat potential problems early.