Is hydatidiform mole life-threatening?

Molar pregnancy is an abnormal pregnancy state that may be life-threatening, especially if it is malignant or not treated in time. There are two types of molar pregnancy: complete and partial. Complete molar pregnancy is more likely to develop into a malignant lesion and requires prompt medical treatment.

1. Causes of hydatidiform mole

The occurrence of hydatidiform mole is related to genetic, environmental, and physiological factors. Among genetic factors, chromosomal abnormalities are the main cause. Complete hydatidiform mole is usually formed by the combination of an empty egg and sperm, lacking maternal chromosomes. Environmental factors such as malnutrition, advanced pregnancy, and smoking may increase the risk. Among physiological factors, abnormal female hormone levels or ovarian dysfunction may also induce hydatidiform mole.

2. The harm of hydatidiform mole

If hydatidiform mole is not treated promptly, it may cause serious complications. Complete hydatidiform mole has a higher risk of malignant transformation and may develop into invasive hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma, which is life-threatening. Although partial hydatidiform mole has a lower rate of malignant transformation, it may also cause problems such as heavy bleeding and infection. Early symptoms include abnormal vaginal bleeding, severe nausea and vomiting, and abnormal enlargement of the uterus, which require prompt medical attention.

3. Treatment methods

The treatment of hydatidiform mole is mainly uterine curettage, and if necessary, multiple uterine curettages are required to ensure complete removal of abnormal tissue. In drug treatment, methotrexate is often used to prevent or treat malignant hydatidiform mole. For malignant lesions, chemotherapy is the main means, and commonly used drugs include methotrexate, actinomycin D, etc. HCG levels need to be monitored regularly after surgery to ensure that the condition is stable.

4. Prevention and care

To prevent hydatidiform mole, you need to pay attention to pre-pregnancy check-ups, avoid advanced pregnancy, and maintain a healthy lifestyle. During postoperative care, the diet should be high in protein and easily digestible, such as eggs, fish, and soy products, and avoid spicy and irritating foods. Appropriate exercise such as walking and yoga can help recovery, but strenuous activities should be avoided. Psychological support is also important, and family members should give patients full care.

Although hydatidiform mole is dangerous, most patients can recover completely through early detection and standardized treatment. Regular follow-up and health management are the key to preventing recurrence, and patients should actively cooperate and maintain an optimistic attitude.