How big is the surgery for ovarian chocolate cyst?

How serious is the surgery for ovarian chocolate cyst?

Ovarian chocolate cysts are a type of endometriosis lesion.

If the fragments of endometrium dispersed by menstruation flow backward through the fallopian tube into the pelvic cavity with menstrual blood, and implant on the surface of the ovary or other parts of the pelvic cavity, ectopic cysts will be formed. Ectopic endometrium is also affected by sex hormones, and it bleeds repeatedly during the menstrual cycle. For example, if there is ovarian disease, partial bleeding during each menstrual period will make the ovary enlarge and form cysts. The old blood is brown and sticky, like chocolate, so it is also called "chocolate cyst". This cyst can gradually increase in size, sometimes rupture during or after menstruation, but rarely becomes malignant.

The endometrium of the uterus is attached to the ovary, forming this chocolate cyst. Laparoscopic treatment of chocolate cysts is ineffective and most cases will recur. The main reason is that the cyst is tightly adhered to the ovary and surrounding tissues. One ovary can be removed during the operation.

The wall of chocolate cyst is wrapped around fibrous tissue, with uneven wall thickness, hard and brittle, as thin as a layer of window paper. The cyst is easy to rupture. Laparoscopic surgery cannot completely remove the cyst, and the cyst fluid enters the abdominal cavity, which will cause recurrence. If another surgery is performed, it will be more difficult and the recurrence rate will be higher.

The standard for treating chocolate cysts is to never break the cyst. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is the ideal method for treating chocolate cysts. Ultrasound-guided interventional treatment of chocolate cysts can extract cystic fluid and then inject double-hardening drugs to kill all ectopic endometrial tissue in the cyst. The cystic fluid will not flow out, will not recur, will not damage the ovaries, and will not affect future fertility. It is the first choice for treating chocolate cysts.