What causes pelvic inflammatory disease?

According to experts, pelvic inflammatory disease is a common gynecological disease, including metritis, salpingo-oophoritis, pelvic connective tissue inflammation and pelvic peritonitis. Since the fallopian tubes and ovaries are collectively called appendages, fallopian tube inflammation often affects the "neighboring" ovaries, also known as adnexitis.

1. Not paying attention to hygiene during menstruation: During menstruation, the endometrium is peeled off, the intrauterine blood sinuses are open, and blood clots exist, which are good conditions for bacterial reproduction. If you do not pay attention to hygiene during menstruation, use sanitary napkins or toilet paper that do not meet the hygiene standards, or have sex, it will give bacteria the opportunity to retrograde infection and cause pelvic inflammatory disease.

2. Postpartum or post-abortion infection: The patient is weak after childbirth or miscarriage, and the cervix does not close after dilation. At this time, bacteria in the vagina and cervix may infect the pelvic cavity upward.

3. Postoperative infection: If artificial abortion, IUD insertion or removal, fallopian tube insufflation, fallopian tube angiography, endometrial polyp removal or submucosal uterine fibroid removal are not strictly disinfected or there is chronic inflammation of the reproductive system, it may cause postoperative infection. Some patients do not pay attention to personal hygiene after surgery, or do not follow the doctor's advice and resume sexual life too early, which can also cause bacterial infection and pelvic inflammatory disease.

4. Spread of inflammation from adjacent organs: The most common are appendicitis and peritonitis, because they are adjacent to the female internal reproductive organs, inflammation can spread directly, leading to female pelvic inflammation. When suffering from chronic cervicitis, inflammation can also cause pelvic connective tissue through lymphatic circulation.