Is hyperprolactinemia serious for patients?

Hyperprolactinemia refers to a syndrome caused by internal and external environmental factors, characterized by elevated PRL (≥25ng/ml), amenorrhea, galactorrhea, anovulation and infertility. Hyperprolactinemia is mainly manifested by menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. Hyperprolactinemia is very harmful to patients. Let's take a look at what are the hazards of hyperprolactinemia?

The specific manifestations are:

1. Galactorrhea. Typical HPRL manifestation is amenorrhea. Galactorrhea syndrome occurs in 20.84% ​​of non-tumor type and 70.58% of tumor type. Simple galactorrhea occurs in 63-83.55% of cases. Galactorrhea is overt or appears as watery, serous or milky fluid when the breast is squeezed. Most breasts are normal or accompanied by lobular hyperplasia or macromastia.

2. Infertility: 70.71% of infertility is either primary or secondary and is caused by anovulatory corpus luteum deficiency or luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome.

3. Menstrual disorders: primary amenorrhea 4%, secondary amenorrhea 89%, oligomenorrhea 7%, functional uterine bleeding, and luteal dysfunction 23-77%.

The hazards of hyperprolactinemia are mainly as follows:

(I) Changes in vision and visual field: When pituitary tumors involve the optic chiasm, vision loss, headache, dizziness, hemianopsia and blindness, as well as damage to cranial nerves II, III and IV, fundus edema and exudation may occur.

(ii) Low estrogen reaction: seen in people with long-term amenorrhea, such as hot flashes, palpitations, spontaneous sweating, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, decreased libido, etc.

(III) Acromegaly: It occurs in PRL-GH adenoma with elevated GH.

(IV) Hyperandrogenism: moderate obesity, seborrheic dermatitis, acne and hirsutism.

(V) Diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance test.

(VI) Myxedema: seen in combination with hypothyroidism.