What is endometriosis?

It is well known that endometriosis is a very complicated disease. Because it can cause a lot of psychological and physical harm to patients, people often avoid it when talking about it. With the development of society, the incidence of this disease has also increased. At this time, we must pay attention to the prevention of this disease and have a comprehensive understanding of it.

1. Implantation Theory

As early as 1921, some people believed that pelvic endometriosis was caused by endometrial fragments flowing back with menstrual blood, entering the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes and implanting in the ovaries or other parts of the pelvic cavity. Clinically, during laparotomy during menstruation, menstrual blood can be found in the pelvic cavity, and endometrium can be found in the menstrual blood. Endometriosis in the abdominal wall scar formed after cesarean section is a good example of the implantation theory.

2. Serous membrane theory

It is believed that ovarian and pelvic endometriosis is derived from the metaplasia of the peritoneal mesothelial cell layer. The paramesonephric duct develops from the primitive peritoneal invagination, and the germinal epithelium of the ovary, the pelvic peritoneum, and the closed peritoneal invaginations, such as the processus vaginalis of the inguinal part (Nook's duct), the rectovaginal septum, and the umbilicus, are all differentiated from the coelomic epithelium.

3. Immunology

In 1980, Weed et al. reported that there were lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltrating around the ectopic endometrium, and that the macrophages contained hemosiderin deposition and varying degrees of fibrosis. They believed that this was due to the activation of the body's immune system by the ectopic endometrial lesions as foreign bodies. Since then, many scholars have explored the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis from the perspectives of cellular immunity and humoral immunity.

Usually, endometriosis is more common in female patients. Because of this disease, many female friends often suffer a lot, because this disease may cause young women to be infertile. However, as long as we maintain good hygiene habits in our daily lives, pay attention to personal hygiene during menstruation, and do not have sexual intercourse, there should not be any big problems.