What are the common causes of adnexitis?

Adnexitis refers to inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. The main clinical manifestations of patients are increased vaginal discharge, back pain, menstrual disorders, etc. When adnexitis occurs, patients experience continuous or intermittent pulling pain and a sense of heaviness on both sides or one side. At the beginning, there is only a slight pain or discomfort, so it is often ignored and regarded as a normal reaction of the physiological cycle.

Common causes of adnexitis

1. While intrauterine contraceptive devices are widely used, patients do not pay attention to personal hygiene or the surgical procedures are not strict, causing this.

2. After delivery or abortion, due to the decrease in resistance, pathogens ascend through the reproductive tract and spread to the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and then the entire pelvic cavity, causing inflammation.

3. Inflammation of organs adjacent to the pelvic cavity or fallopian tubes. For example, appendicitis can spread directly to cause salpingo-oophoritis and pelvic peritonitis. Inflammation usually occurs in the adjacent fallopian tube and ovary.

4. Uterine cavity operations performed without strict disinfection, such as vacuum extraction, hysterosalpingography, cervical canal treatment, and obstetric surgery infections without strict disinfection.

5. If there is infection in other parts of the body and it is not treated in time, the pathogens can be spread through the blood and cause salpingo-oophoritis, which is more common in tuberculosis diseases.

6. Not paying attention to menstrual hygiene, having sexual intercourse during menstruation or unclean sexual intercourse, etc.

7. Sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea infection, can cause gonorrhea to spread upward along the mucous membrane and cause inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.