What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease?

Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to inflammation of the female pelvic reproductive organs, the connective tissue around the uterus, and the pelvic peritoneum. In real life, not all women will suffer from pelvic inflammatory disease, only a few will. This is because the female reproductive system has a natural defense function, which can resist the invasion of bacteria under normal circumstances. Only when the body's resistance is reduced or the natural defense function of women is damaged due to other reasons, will pelvic inflammatory disease occur. So, what are the main causes of pelvic inflammatory disease? Let's take a look at the experts' answers.

Experts say the main causes of pelvic inflammatory disease are:

1. Postpartum or post-abortion infection: After delivery, the mother is weak, the cervix fails to close in time due to the outflow of residual blood and turbid fluid, there is a placental detachment surface in the uterine cavity, or the birth canal is damaged during delivery, or there are residual placenta and fetal membranes, or there is sexual intercourse too early after delivery, pathogens take advantage of the opportunity to invade the uterine cavity, which can easily cause infection; vaginal bleeding lasts too long during spontaneous abortion or medical abortion, or there are tissues remaining in the uterine cavity, or the aseptic operation of the artificial abortion operation is not strict, etc., all of which can cause post-abortion infection.

2. Infection after intrauterine surgical operation: such as placement or removal of intrauterine contraceptive ring, curettage, tubal insufflation, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, submucosal myomectomy, etc. Due to sexual life before operation or lax surgical disinfection or inappropriate selection of preoperative indications, the original chronic inflammation of the reproductive tract may cause acute attack and spread due to surgical interference; some patients do not pay attention to personal hygiene after operation, or do not follow the doctor's orders after operation, which may also cause bacterial ascending infection and cause pelvic inflammatory disease.

3. Poor menstrual hygiene: If you do not pay attention to menstrual hygiene, use unclean sanitary napkins and panty liners, take a bath during menstruation, have sexual intercourse during menstruation, etc., pathogens may invade and cause inflammation.

4. Direct spread of inflammation from adjacent organs: The most common cases are appendicitis and peritonitis. Since they are adjacent to the female internal reproductive organs, inflammation can spread directly and cause pelvic inflammation. In chronic cervicitis, inflammation can also spread through the lymphatic circulation and cause pelvic connective tissue inflammation.

Through the introduction above, I believe everyone has understood the main causes of pelvic inflammatory disease. If you have other questions, please click on our online experts and they will answer you in real time.

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