What causes cervicitis and how to treat it

Cervicitis is mainly caused by infection, physical or chemical stimulation and other factors. Treatment should take anti-infection, local treatment or surgery according to the cause.

1. Infection is the most common cause of cervicitis. Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites invade the cervix and cause inflammation. Common pathogens include gonococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus (HPV), etc. Sexually transmitted infections are the main route, and unclean sexual behavior and multiple sexual partners increase the risk of disease. In terms of treatment, antibiotics such as azithromycin and doxycycline can be used for bacterial infections; antiviral drugs such as interferon can be used for viral infections such as HPV; and antifungal drugs such as fluconazole are required for fungal infections.

2. Physical stimulation may also cause cervicitis. Repeated cervical surgery, abortion, childbirth or use of intrauterine devices may damage cervical tissue and induce inflammation. Further stimulation should be avoided in treatment. Cervical repair surgery or removal of the intrauterine device can be performed if necessary.

3. Chemical stimulation, such as improper use of vaginal washes, condom lubricants or drugs, may disrupt the acid-base balance of the cervical mucosa and cause inflammation. For treatment, stop using irritating products and use mild cleaning products instead. If necessary, use local anti-inflammatory drugs such as hydrocortisone ointment.

4. A weak immune system or abnormal hormone levels may also increase the risk of cervicitis. Long-term stress, malnutrition or chronic diseases may lead to decreased immunity, and hormone fluctuations such as pregnancy or menopause may also affect cervical health. Treatment requires strengthening immunity, supplementing nutrients such as vitamin C and zinc, maintaining a regular work and rest schedule, and conducting hormone regulation therapy when necessary.

5. If cervicitis is not treated in time, it may develop into chronic inflammation and even increase the risk of cervical cancer. Chronic cervicitis can be treated with physical therapies such as laser, freezing or electrocautery, and severe cases require cervical conization.

The treatment of cervicitis needs to choose the appropriate method according to the specific cause and condition. At the same time, pay attention to personal hygiene, avoid unclean sexual behavior, and have regular gynecological examinations. Through early detection and standardized treatment, cervicitis can be effectively controlled and complications can be avoided.