What is the cause of functional uterine bleeding and how to treat it

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is abnormal uterine bleeding caused by endocrine system dysfunction, usually related to hormone imbalance. Common causes include endocrine regulation abnormalities, mental stress, environmental factors, and other pathological changes. Treatment usually includes medication to adjust hormones, lifestyle interventions, and surgical treatment when necessary.

1) Abnormal endocrine regulation function

The most common cause of functional uterine bleeding is endocrine regulation disorder, especially during adolescence and perimenopause. Abnormal ovarian ovulation may lead to excessive estrogen without corresponding progesterone balance, continuous thickening of the endometrium, and ultimately irregular bleeding. In terms of treatment, hormone supplementation can be used to restore balance, such as oral short-acting contraceptives to regulate the cycle, progesterone drugs can help restore ovulation function, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone can be used to regulate and promote ovarian function.

2) Mental stress and lifestyle factors

Excessive mental stress, staying up late, high-intensity work and other factors can interfere with the normal function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis and induce functional uterine bleeding. It is recommended to relax the body and mind, maintain a regular work and rest schedule, ensure adequate sleep every day, do yoga, brisk walking and other relaxing exercises in moderation, and cooperate with psychological counseling to relieve stress. At the same time, it is recommended to adjust the diet structure, increase foods rich in iron and high-quality protein, such as spinach, red meat, eggs, etc., and avoid caffeine and processed foods to improve physical fitness.

3) Potential impact of other diseases

In addition to functional problems, some other diseases such as thyroid dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome, chronic uterine inflammation, etc. may also induce similar uterine bleeding problems. It is recommended to conduct a comprehensive physical examination (including hormone level testing, ultrasound examination, etc.) to exclude potential pathological causes before formulating further treatment plans.

4) Surgical intervention when necessary

For women who have no significant effect on drug treatment or have anemia caused by heavy bleeding, surgery can be used to control the condition, such as endometrial curettage, hysteroscopic endometrial ablation, etc. If the patient's condition is serious, hysterectomy can even be considered, but this is the last resort.

Functional uterine bleeding can be improved through early detection and standardized treatment. Whether in adolescence or perimenopause, if abnormal uterine bleeding occurs, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible for examination and treatment to ensure your health.