What are the complications of menopausal syndrome?

Once a woman reaches the age of 40, she will experience symptoms of irritability, which is a sign of entering menopause. In modern society, women are under increasing pressure in life, so menopause is more likely to come, and menopausal syndrome is more likely to come. So what are the complications of menopausal syndrome?

The main complications of menopausal syndrome are:

1. Physiology

1. Degeneration of sexual characteristics and atrophy of sexual organs: dry vulva, loss of pubic hair, white lesions, vulvar itching, secondary infection, sexual dysfunction, bladder, rectal prolapse, uterine prolapse, etc. Some women have symptoms of masculinization such as hirsutism, seborrheic dermatitis, and acne.

2. Breast atrophy and sagging, and hypopigmentation of the nipple and areola: the breast firmness decreases and the tissue becomes soft and sagging.

3. Skin and mucous membranes: dryness, wrinkles, hair loss, pigmentation and age spots, prone to skin diseases, dry mouth, pharyngitis and hoarseness

4. Cardiovascular system: including hypertension, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The incidence of embolic diseases increases with age after menopause.

2. Mental and nervous system: Menopausal women are prone to depression, amnesia, obsessive thoughts, paranoia, emotional inversion, emotional instability, persecution, anxiety, suspicion, paresthesia, sense of incompetence and world-weariness. Some women may suffer from mania, disordered thinking and schizophrenia.

3. The tendency to develop tumors is related to decreased immune surveillance function and aging.

4. Urinary system: frequent urination, urgency, stress or urgency urinary incontinence, urethral mucosal prolapse, urethral caruncle, kidney ptosis, hydronephrosis and susceptibility to urinary retention and infection.

5. Musculoskeletal system: bone joints (wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip and waist), ligaments, muscle atrophy, pain, dysfunction, osteoporosis and prone fractures. See the osteoporosis section for details.

6. Endocrine and metabolic changes

(1) Hyperlipidemia: It is manifested by increased cholesterol, LDL, TG, and VLDL, while decreased HDL and HDL2, which can easily lead to atherosclerosis and hypertension.

(ii) Diabetes tendency: caused by decreased insulin secretion by β cells and increased insulin resistance in peripheral tissues.

(III) Edema: It may be myxedema or angioedema caused by hypothyroidism, or edema caused by hypoproteinemia or malnutrition.

(IV) Impaired immune function: prone to infection and tumor.

Menopausal syndrome refers to the symptoms of various organ systems and body complex syndromes caused by the psychological, neuroendocrine and metabolic changes of menopause. The aging of human life span is an important development trend in modern society. Therefore, the health care and disease prevention of menopausal and postmenopausal women are important tasks faced by obstetricians and gynecologists and even the entire society.