How is dysmenorrhea diagnosed?

How to diagnose dysmenorrhea? Dysmenorrhea is a common condition for female friends. Its appearance brings great trouble to people, often making patients feel miserable and miserable. Do not ignore small dysmenorrhea. If you have long-term severe dysmenorrhea, you must pay attention to it and actively go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment. So, how to diagnose dysmenorrhea?

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological symptoms, which refers to lower abdominal pain and distension before, during, or after menstruation, accompanied by backache or other discomfort, and symptoms that seriously affect the quality of life. Dysmenorrhea is divided into primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea without organic lesions in the reproductive organs, accounting for more than 90% of dysmenorrhea, and secondary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea caused by organic diseases in the pelvic cavity.

Diagnosis: According to the lower abdominal pain during menstruation, the pain usually starts after the onset of menstruation, and the earliest pain occurs 12 hours before menstruation. The pain is most severe on the first day of menstruation and lasts for 2 to 3 days before relief. The pain is often spasmodic, located above the pubic bone in the lower abdomen, and can radiate to the lumbar sacral region and the inner thigh. Gynecological examination has no positive signs and can be diagnosed clinically. It needs to be differentiated from secondary dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis, adenomyosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

The most important differential diagnosis from primary dysmenorrhea is secondary dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis. In patients with endometriosis dysmenorrhea, pain usually starts 1-2 weeks before menstruation, but is relieved during menstruation or later. Dyspareunia or adnexal masses and tender nodules in the posterior fossa can help with the diagnosis. The same pain rhythm is also seen in patients with adenomyosis, who are often older and have an enlarged uterus.

The occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea is mainly related to the increase of prostaglandin content in the endometrium during menstruation. The main cause of dysmenorrhea is the increase of PGF2α content. High PGF2α content can cause excessive contraction of uterine smooth muscle, vasospasm, uterine ischemia and hypoxia, resulting in dysmenorrhea. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, etc. In severe cases, the face becomes pale and cold sweats appear.

Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom among women. Some girls with primary dysmenorrhea may experience relief when they grow up, especially after marriage and childbirth, except for some cases. However, those with dysmenorrhea that lasts for up to 3 days should be treated. The treatment of primary dysmenorrhea is mainly symptomatic treatment, with analgesia and sedation as the main treatment. In recent years, comprehensive treatment has been adopted, including spiritual counseling, Chinese medicine, Western medicine and acupuncture.