Introduction to the diagnosis of miscarriage

Abortion is a common disease in our lives, but it is not as simple as we think. It requires going to a regular professional hospital and making a correct abortion diagnosis under the guidance of a professional doctor. Next, I will introduce to you the relevant knowledge about abortion diagnosis.

First, you should first determine whether you have miscarriage

(1) Inquire about the patient's medical history in detail: whether there is a history of amenorrhea, whether there is vaginal bleeding, the amount and nature of the bleeding, whether there is abdominal pain or other discharge, etc.

(2) Bimanual examination: Pay attention to the position, size, shape, and hardness of the uterus; whether the isthmus is particularly soft, as if the uterine body and cervix have lost continuity; whether there are lumps, tenderness, or resistance in the appendages on both sides; whether there is erosion, bleeding, or cervical polyps at the cervical opening; and whether the bleeding is coming from the uterus. If it is a miscarriage, the bleeding must be coming from the uterus.

(3) Auxiliary examination

Second, determine what type of abortion

Different types of miscarriage have different labor processes and different treatment principles, so it is necessary to determine what type of miscarriage it is.

(1) Inquire in detail about past pregnancy history, past medical history, and family genetic history. If there is a suspected history of genetic disease, a family tree should be drawn.

(2) Perform a full body system examination and a gynecological examination.

(3) Conduct necessary tests and auxiliary examinations: for males: routine semen analysis, blood type, chromosomes, etc.; for females: vaginal cell smear, cervical score, basal body temperature, blood type, chromosomes, B-ultrasound examination of uterine development for abnormalities, etc.

(4) Further inspection may be carried out according to the circumstances:

1. In addition to B-ultrasound, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, and laparoscopy can be performed for suspected uterine malformation.

2. If endocrine abnormalities are suspected, check fasting blood sugar. Endometrial pathology examination and progesterone radioimmunoassay can be performed in combination with basal body temperature.

3. If special infection is suspected, tests for cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, and chlamydia can be performed.

4. For those with a history of exposure to adverse environments, SLE, micronucleus, and chromosome aberration rate tests should be performed.

5. For those suspected of ABO blood type incompatibility, further examination of antibody titer should be conducted, such as intermittent examinations during pregnancy to check whether the antibody titer has changed or decreased after treatment.

Third, whether there are complications of abortion

Abortion must be differentiated from functional uterine bleeding, tubal pregnancy, hydatidiform mole, uterine fibroids, choriocarcinoma, etc. In addition, various types of abortion should be differentiated in order to make a clear diagnosis and choose different treatments according to different types.