Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is a disease that is not familiar to everyone. However, after the disease occurs, the patient's menstruation will change significantly, and fertility will also be affected. It will also affect the patient's vision, causing vision loss and headaches, which is extremely harmful. Hyperprolactinemia must be treated in time. The following editor will give you a detailed introduction to the prevention and treatment recommendations for hyperprolactinemia.

Prevention of hyperprolactinemia:

1. People with hyperprolactinemia should avoid dairy products in their diet. They can eat more lettuce, kelp, salmon (with bones), sardines, etc., and reduce caffeine and alcohol.

2. Drink more water or juice and maintain a regular sex life, because regular sex life is not easy to make the skin hot, and can indirectly stimulate the degenerated ovaries to ease the hormone system and prevent a sharp drop in estrogen.

3. How to prevent hyperprolactinemia? Strengthen your physical fitness, improve your health level, strengthen physical exercise, do health exercises or practice Tai Chi regularly.

4. Avoid mental stimulation, stabilize emotions, and keep the Qi and blood flowing smoothly. During menstruation, you should keep warm, especially below the waist. Keep your feet away from cold, avoid cold water, and avoid eating raw and cold fruits.

Treatment of hyperprolactinemia:

1. Anti-prolactin drugs

Antiprolactin includes bromocriptine, long-acting bromocriptine, tergoline, cabergoline, terguride, methylergoline, quinagoline, and lisuride.

2. Surgery

It is suitable for patients with giant adenomas that present intracranial compression symptoms, who are ineffective with bromocriptine treatment, giant adenomas, and serotonin-induced cell tumors that secrete multiple pituitary hormones. The current transsphenoidal microsurgery is safe, convenient, and easy to perform, and its efficacy is similar to that of bromocriptine therapy. The combination of bromocriptine before and after surgery can improve the efficacy. The disadvantages of surgery are that pituitary tumors have no obvious capsule and unclear boundaries, and it is not easy to be thorough or damaged during surgery, which can cause cerebrospinal fluid nasal fistula and postoperative hypopituitarism. It is worth noting that although preoperative bromocriptine treatment can shrink the tumor, it can cause tumor fibrosis, sclerosis, and adhesion of surrounding tissues, which is not conducive to surgical separation and resection. Therefore, if surgery is determined, medication can be temporarily stopped before surgery, and medication or radiotherapy can be supplemented after surgery.

The mortality rate of microsurgical resection of pituitary prolactin adenoma is less than 0.5%, the incidence of temporary diabetes after surgery is 10% to 40%, and permanent diabetes and iatrogenic hypothyroidism are less than 2%. The probability of prolactin and ovulation returning to normal after microadenoma surgery is 65% to 85%, while that of macroadenoma is 20% to 40%, and the visual field returns to normal in 85%.

3. Chemotherapy

It is suitable for non-functional tumors of the hypothalamus-pituitary system and those who have not responded to drug and surgical treatment. Currently, advanced stereo focused radiotherapy methods are mostly used, including: deep X-rays, γ, 60Co, α particles and proton rays, radionuclide 90Y, 198Au pituitary implantation, etc.

The above are suggestions for the prevention and treatment of hyperprolactinemia. I hope they will be helpful to you.