What are the specific manifestations of the dangers of hyperprolactinemia?

Hyperprolactinemia refers to a syndrome caused by internal and external environmental factors. The main characteristics of hyperprolactinemia are elevated PRL, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, anovulation and infertility. This disease can cause serious harm to patients. So what are the specific manifestations of the harm of hyperprolactinemia? The following is a detailed introduction by experts from Shenzhen.

Dangers of hyperprolactinemia:

(1) Infertility: High prolactin acts on the pituitary gland, inhibiting the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. If the follicle-stimulating hormone is too low to mature the follicles, and if the luteinizing hormone is too low, there will be no luteinizing hormone peak, which will lead to anovulation and infertility. When the blood prolactin concentration increases, the prolactin level in the follicular fluid also increases. When the estrogen level decreases, the granulosa cells decrease significantly, and the secretion of progesterone decreases, resulting in luteal insufficiency, causing infertility or early pregnancy miscarriage.

(2) Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea: Initially, menstruation may be normal, but it will gradually become oligomenorrhea and even amenorrhea. Characteristics of amenorrhea: The level of luteinizing hormone is low, and the normal fluctuation disappears, resulting in anovulation. Estrogen cannot cause positive feedback, and there is no luteinizing hormone peak. It does not respond to clomiphene.

(3) Lactation: Non-postpartum lactation is the main sign of hyperprolactinemia, accounting for about 1/3 to 2/3 of hyperprolactinemia. About 30% will not be accompanied by elevated prolactin and may coexist with amenorrhea, which is often called amenorrhea and lactation syndrome. If high prolactin, amenorrhea, and lactation coexist, 2/3 of the cases have pituitary tumors.

(4) Others: If there is a pituitary tumor, it may cause headaches, decreased vision and visual field defects. Due to low estrogen levels, symptoms such as decreased libido, vaginal dryness, difficulty in sexual intercourse and smaller breasts may occur.