What are the diagnostic methods for cervical warts?

Cervical warts are a relatively serious sexually transmitted disease, mainly transmitted by unclean sexual contact. Therefore, many people who suffer from cervical warts are too embarrassed to go to the hospital for examination and treatment. They just look for similar symptoms on the Internet and then self-examine. In fact, this cannot accurately diagnose cervical warts. So, what are the methods for correctly diagnosing cervical warts?

How to diagnose cervical warts?

1. Acetic acid whitening test: Apply 3% to 5% acetic acid to the wart for 2-5 minutes. The lesion will turn white and slightly raised. Anal lesions may take 15 minutes. The acetic acid whitening test is very sensitive to HPV detection. It is better than conventional tests to observe histological changes. However, false positives may occur occasionally in cases of epithelial thickening or traumatic abrasions. The false positive whitening signs appear unclear and irregular.

2. Genetic diagnosis: HPV is difficult to detect using traditional virus culture and serological techniques, and the main experimental diagnostic technology is nucleic acid hybridization. The PCR method developed in recent years has the advantages of specificity, sensitivity, simplicity, and rapidity, opening up a new way for HPV detection.

3. Histochemical examination: Take a small amount of lesion tissue to make a smear and stain it with specific anti-human papillomavirus antibodies. If there is a viral antigen in the lesion, the antigen and antibody will bind. In the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method, the nucleus can be stained red. This method is highly specific and rapid, which is helpful for diagnosis.

4. Immunohistological examination: The peroxidase antiperoxidase method (PAP) is commonly used to show viral proteins in condylomata, to prove the presence of viral antigens in warts. When HPV protein is positive, a weak red positive reaction may appear in the superficial epithelial cells of cervical condylomata.

5. Pathological examination: mainly parakeratosis, hypertrophy of the spinous layer, papilloma-like hyperplasia, thickening and elongation of the epidermal processes, and the degree of hyperplasia may resemble pseudoepithelioma. There are a considerable number of nuclear divisions in the thorny cells and basal cells, which are quite similar to cancer. However, the cells are arranged regularly, and the boundary between the hyperplastic epithelium and the dermis is clear. It is characterized by obvious vacuolation in the cells of the upper granular layer and the thorny layer.

Here is a warm reminder for everyone, when you find yourself suffering from symptoms similar to cervical warts, you must not blindly diagnose, and do not believe what others say. You must go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time, and let professional doctors treat you. Cervical warts are very harmful, and improper treatment will cause repeated recurrences, so everyone must be cautious when treating them.