Comprehensive analysis of bacterial vaginosis

In recent years, it is believed that bacterial vaginosis (BV) is caused by the imbalance of vaginal flora, the reduction of lactobacilli, and the proliferation of other pathogens such as Gardnerella, various anaerobic bacteria, and Vibrio flexus. BV is actually a mixed infection dominated by Gardnerella. Here is an introduction to bacterial vaginosis.

Asymptomatic people are easily overlooked. BV can be diagnosed if 3 of the following 4 items are met, among which positive clue cells are essential.

About 10-50% of patients have no symptoms. Those with symptoms often complain of increased vaginal discharge with odor, which may be accompanied by mild vulvar itching or burning sensation.

Signs of bacterial vaginosis

Examination showed that the leucorrhea was uniform and consistent, with a large amount of thin leucorrhea, and the vaginal mucosa had no inflammation such as redness, swelling or congestion, and no infection with Trichomonas, Candida or gonococci. The cleanliness was mostly grade I.

a. Vaginal discharge is a uniform, thin leucorrhea.

b. Vaginal pH>4.5 (due to ammonia production by anaerobic bacteria).

c. Ammonia test is positive: take a small amount of vaginal secretions and place them on a glass slide. Add 1-2 drops of 10% potassium hydroxide solution. If a rotten fish-like fishy smell is produced, it is positive.

d. Clue cells are positive, and more than 20% of clue cells can be seen under a high-power microscope by the hanging drop method. Clue cells are superficial cells shed from the vagina, and a large number of granules (i.e., Gardnerella, etc.) are attached to the surface, making the cell edges unclear.

If you suffer from bacterial vaginosis, you must pay attention to relaxing your body more. In your life, patients should clean their vulva regularly. At the same time, women with vulvitis should not avoid going to the hospital for examination and treatment because of embarrassment.