What does artificial abortion include?

Artificial abortion refers to the termination of pregnancy by surgical methods within 3 months of pregnancy, including vacuum aspiration and forceps curettage.

1. Negative pressure aspiration

Negative pressure aspiration refers to the use of a suction tube inserted into the uterine cavity to terminate pregnancy by sucking out the embryonic tissue with negative pressure. The operation content is: after emptying the bladder, take the lithotomy position, routine disinfection, and drape, bimanual examination to check the position, size, curvature and adnexa of the uterus, vaginal speculum to expose the cervix and disinfect it; clamp the anterior lip of the cervix with a cervical clamp, and use a uterine probe to detect the flexion and depth of the uterus in the direction of the uterine position; dilate the cervix from small to large cervical dilators (those who are nervous or sensitive to pain should be anesthetized before dilating the cervix); perform a negative pressure aspiration experiment before aspiration, and after confirming that it is correct, select the thickness of the suction tube and the size of the negative pressure according to the gestational age, and aspirate the uterine cavity in a clockwise direction for 1 to 2 weeks to aspirate the pregnancy cleanly; use a small scraper to gently scrape the uterine cavity, especially pay attention to avoid incomplete aspiration; check whether the aspirated material has villi or embryonic tissue, whether it is consistent with the month of pregnancy, etc., and send it for pathological examination in time if abnormalities are found.

2. Curettage

Curettage is a more serious type of artificial abortion and requires hospitalization. Routine disinfection, draping, and removal of the urinary catheter are performed during the operation. For those who are nervous, fearful, or overly sensitive to pain, anesthesia should be given before dilating the cervix; then the cervical dilator is used to fully dilate the cervix, first clamp the fetal membrane, and then use uterine contraction drugs as appropriate after the amniotic fluid has flowed out; after clamping the placenta and fetal tissue with an oval forceps, a suitable straw is placed into the uterine cavity for suction, and finally a medium-sized curette is used to clean the uterus, and the depth of the uterine cavity is measured again to observe whether the fetus is intact, and the operation is completed after checking for bleeding and injury.