What are the complications of ovarian cysts?

Ovarian cysts are asymptomatic in the early stages, and there is a lack of good early diagnosis and differentiation methods. Once a malignant tumor is discovered, it is often an advanced disease and is accompanied by complications of ovarian cysts. Let's take a look at the complications of ovarian cysts.

Pedicle torsion is one of the complications of ovarian cysts. About 10% of ovarian tumors are torsion-prone, which is a common gynecological acute abdomen. It is more common in cystic tumors with long pedicles, medium size, large mobility, and center of gravity biased to one side. It often occurs when the body position changes suddenly, in early pregnancy or after delivery. After the pedicle is torsion, the venous return of the tumor is blocked, causing congestion, purple-brown color, and even ruptured blood vessels and bleeding, which can cause tumor necrosis and infection due to arterial obstruction. In acute pedicle torsion, the patient suddenly has severe pain in the lower abdomen, which may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and even shock in severe cases. During the examination, the abdominal wall muscles on the affected side are tense, tenderness is significant, and the mass has greater tension. Once diagnosed, the tumor should be surgically removed immediately. During the operation, the twisted pedicle should not be turned back. It is advisable to clamp and cut it off near the twisted part of the pedicle to prevent the thrombus from falling off and entering the blood circulation.

Tumor rupture is also a complication of ovarian cysts. Spontaneous rupture may occur due to ischemic necrosis of the cyst wall or tumor erosion and penetration of the cyst wall; or traumatic rupture may occur due to squeezing, childbirth, gynecological examination, and puncture. After rupture, the cyst fluid flows into the abdominal cavity, irritating the peritoneum, which may cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and even shock. During the examination, there are abdominal irritation signs such as abdominal wall tension, tenderness, and rebound pain, and the original mass shrinks or disappears. After diagnosis, laparotomy should be performed immediately to remove the cyst and clean the peritoneum.

The above is an introduction to the complications of ovarian cysts. Patients should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible and receive correct and effective treatment under the guidance of a doctor to avoid worsening of the disease and causing a series of complications of ovarian cysts, which will cause greater harm. I wish you good health.

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