Symptoms of vaginitis

Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa and submucosal connective tissue, and is a relatively common gynecological disease. Due to the anatomical and biochemical characteristics of normal healthy women, the vagina has a natural defense function against the invasion of pathogens. When the natural defense function of the vagina is destroyed, pathogens can easily invade, leading to vaginal inflammation. So, what are the symptoms of vaginitis?

Clinically, vaginitis is characterized by changes in the properties of leucorrhea and itching and burning pain in the vulva. Pain during sexual intercourse is also common. When the infection involves the urethra, there may be symptoms such as urinary pain and urgency. Common vaginitis includes bacterial vaginitis, trichomonas vaginitis, fungal vaginitis, and senile vaginitis.

Common vaginitis includes bacterial vaginitis, trichomonas vaginitis, candidal vaginitis, and senile vaginitis. Garder et al. studied 1,181 cases of vaginitis and found that 41% were bacterial, 27% were fungal, and 24% were trichomonas. Senile vaginitis occurs after menopause, oophorectomy, or pelvic radiotherapy, and its incidence is reported to be as high as 98.5%. Some professional drugs are needed to treat vaginitis!

Bacterial vaginosis:

1. Symptoms: About 10% to 50% of patients with this disease are asymptomatic. Those with symptoms often complain of grayish-white leucorrhea with a fishy odor, vaginal burning sensation, and itching.

2. The secretions can be easily wiped off the vaginal wall, and the vaginal mucosa may not be congested or red and swollen.

3. Common complications occur simultaneously with gynecological cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, and often with Trichomonas vaginitis. It has been reported that 86% of women with positive Trichomonas culture have this disease. In addition, bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy can often cause adverse perinatal outcomes such as chorioamnionitis, amniotic fluid infection, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, and endometrial infection after cesarean section or vaginal delivery.

Trichomonas vaginitis:

1. Symptoms: Increased leucorrhea, which may be thin serous, grayish yellow or yellow-green, sometimes mixed with blood, and 20% of leucorrhea contains foam. Itching and burning of the vulva, and pain during sexual intercourse are also common. When the infection involves the urethra, there may be urinary pain, urgency, and even hematuria.

2. Physical signs Examination of this disease may reveal congestion and edema of the vaginal and cervical mucosa, often with scattered red spots or strawberry-like protrusions, and a large amount of leucorrhea in the posterior fornix.

3. Common complications: Trichomonas can consume glycogen in the epithelium, change the pH value in the vagina, and hinder the growth of lactobacilli, so it is easy to cause secondary bacterial infection. At this time, the leucorrhea is grass green and has a foul odor.

Vaginal candidiasis:

Candida vaginitis is also called mycotic vaginitis. It is mainly caused by infection with Candida albicans. This fungus is parasitic in the normal vagina. When the local environmental conditions change, it is easy to get sick and cause inflammation. It is common in pregnant women, young girls, diabetic patients and those who receive large amounts of estrogen treatment.

1. Symptoms: The most common symptoms are excessive vaginal discharge, burning and itching of the vulva and vagina affecting the urethra, and there may also be symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and pain when urinating.

2. Physical signs: Typical leucorrhea is curd-like or flaky, the vagina and vaginal vestibule mucosa are highly edematous, covered with a white curd-like film, distributed in dots or flakes, easy to peel off, with a damaged flushed base underneath, or ulcers, or ecchymosis, and in severe cases, swelling and adhesion of the labia minora. However, not all leucorrhea has the above typical characteristics, ranging from watery to curd-like leucorrhea, and some are completely thin and clear serous exudates, which often contain white flakes.

This disease belongs to the category of "vulvar itching" and "leucorrhea" in traditional Chinese medicine. According to Chinese medicine theory, it is caused by the accumulation of dampness and heat in the body, and the infection of external toxic evil. Dampness and heat are internal causes, while toxic evil is external cause. The interaction between internal and external causes makes the disease linger. Over time, dampness and heat will inevitably damage the yin, and the symptoms of yin damage and dampness and heat stagnation will appear. In the treatment of this disease, Chinese medicine must start from the root cause and adopt the treatment principle of clearing heat and dampness, and removing evil toxins. The famous Chinese medicine prescription Yimeisan is composed of drugs based on this mechanism, and the traditional Chinese medicine internal disease external treatment method is used to achieve the effect of removing dampness and heat from the inside, removing evil toxins from the outside, and completely curing fungal vaginitis.

Senile vaginitis:

1. Symptoms: The main symptoms are increased leucorrhea, which is mostly yellow watery. In severe cases, it may be purulent and have a foul odor. Sometimes it may be light bloody, and even a small amount of vaginal bleeding may occur. It is often accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen and vagina, or the vaginal skin may be affected by inflammatory secretions, which may cause mild itching.

2. Physical signs: The vagina shows senile changes, with the wrinkles disappearing, the epithelium thinning, the mucosa congestion, and scattered punctate congestion on the surface. In severe cases, the epithelium peels off to form superficial ulcers, and the cervix also has punctate congestion. If senile vaginitis is not cured for a long time, the submucosal connective tissue will fibrosis, the vaginal elasticity will disappear, and the vagina will be narrowed, especially the vault, making it difficult to expose the cervix.

Candidal vaginitis is more common in clinical practice, with a high recurrence rate. Western medicine generally has a good short-term effect and can improve clinical symptoms, but it has certain side effects and cannot effectively prevent recurrence. Senile vaginitis is mainly treated with hormone replacement therapy, which is a relatively single method and has the risk of inducing endometrial cancer and breast cancer. Therefore, there is still a certain difficulty in treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine treats vaginitis from a holistic perspective, or clears dampness and heat, or strengthens the spleen and eliminates dampness, or nourishes the liver and kidneys, or soothes the liver and strengthens the spleen, and kills insects and stops itching; while treating internally, it combines external treatment methods, and treats internally and externally, with good clinical efficacy and no obvious adverse side effects. At the same time, traditional Chinese medicine believes that "where evil gathers, its qi must be weak." In clinical practice, many pregnant women, cancer patients, or patients with exhaustion caused by other diseases are also prone to secondary disease, so we should also pay attention to enhancing the self-disease resistance of such patients. "Treat the root cause" is an important link in preventing and treating recurrence. Taking Chinese medicine internally to enhance disease resistance provides us with a new treatment method. For patients with recurrent candidal vaginitis, in addition to focusing on local treatment, we also give them Chinese medicine for internal use based on syndrome differentiation, which often achieves a consolidated therapeutic effect clinically.

In old age, due to ovarian failure, low estrogen, thinning of vaginal mucosa, and weakened local resistance, these factors make the vagina susceptible to infection and disease. For those with obvious congestion of the vulva and vestibule, we use the traditional Chinese medicine Yangxue Qufeng Decoction for decoction and bathing to achieve the effect of treating both the symptoms and the root cause. In terms of treatment, taking traditional Chinese medicine for strengthening the body and combining it with external treatment is more effective and can prevent recurrence.

Vaginitis in children:

Purulent secretions can be seen at the vaginal opening. The child cries and makes a fuss because of the pain and itching of the vulva. He is restless and often scratches the vulva with his hands. Inspection shows that the vulva, clitoris, urethral opening, and vaginal opening mucosa are congested and edematous, and purulent secretions flow out of the vaginal opening. In severe cases, ulcers can be seen on the surface of the vulva, and adhesions can be seen on the labia minora. The adhesions cover the vaginal opening and urethral opening, leaving only a small hole above and below, and urine is discharged from the small hole.

Vaginitis during pregnancy:

During pregnancy, the body's resistance decreases and the vaginal sugar content increases, making vaginitis more likely to occur, especially candidal vaginitis. If you are afraid to take medication, the inflammation will quickly worsen, which may cause harm to the fetus in the womb or the newborn during delivery. Therefore, you must actively treat vaginitis during pregnancy.

The most prominent symptoms of vaginitis in pregnant women are: increased leucorrhea and itchy vulva and vagina. When the symptoms of vaginitis in pregnant women are severe, they may be restless and in abnormal pain. They may also have frequent urination, dysuria, and pain during sexual intercourse. In the acute stage, increased leucorrhea is the most common vaginitis in pregnant women, which is candidal vaginitis. The leucorrhea is white and thick, resembling bean curd residue. The vaginal membrane is highly edematous, with white flaky films adhering and easy to peel off. Underneath is the eroded base of the damaged mucosa or the formation of shallow ulcers. In severe cases, ecchymosis may remain, which is a typical symptom of this disease.

Menstrual vaginitis: It is mostly caused by not paying attention to menstrual hygiene during menstruation, especially using unclean menstrual products that cause the vulva to be contaminated by unclean objects. It manifests as a feeling of heaviness and burning in the perineum, and increased vaginal discharge.

Honeymoon vaginitis: It is common in newly married women. It is mainly caused by not paying attention to the hygiene of sexual organs and sexual life. It manifests as increased leucorrhea, itching and pain inside and outside the vagina, and redness and swelling of the mucosa.

Purulent vaginitis: It is common in women with vaginal tears or birth trauma. It is characterized by increased vaginal discharge, yellow pus, fishy smell, burning and pain in the vagina, and redness and swelling of the mucosa.

Simple vaginitis: The most common causes of simple vaginitis are postpartum or abortion injuries, long-term use of pessaries and other mechanical stimulations, or infection by pyogenic bacteria. In addition, frequent stimulation of the vaginal mucosa by infectious secretions from the uterus or cervix can also cause simple vaginitis.

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