Female vulvar pain and abnormal vaginal discharge

Female vulvar pain accompanied by abnormal vaginal discharge may be caused by a variety of reasons, including vaginitis, vulvitis, sexually transmitted infections, or changes in hormone levels. Targeted treatment is required based on specific symptoms and examination results.

Vulvar pain and abnormal vaginal discharge are often related to infection or inflammation of the reproductive system. Vaginitis is one of the most common causes and may be caused by bacterial, fungal or parasitic infections. Bacterial vaginitis is usually manifested by increased vaginal discharge, odor and vulvar itching; fungal vaginitis (such as candidal infection) is accompanied by dreg-like vaginal discharge and vulvar burning pain. Trichomonas vaginitis may cause vaginal discharge to be yellow-green and accompanied by an odor. Vulvitis may also be caused by allergies, chemical irritation or skin diseases, manifested by vulvar redness, pain and itching. Sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea or genital herpes may also cause similar symptoms. Fluctuations in hormone levels (such as menopause) may cause vaginal dryness and vulvar discomfort.

Treatments vary according to the cause. Bacterial vaginitis is usually treated with antibiotics such as metronidazole or clindamycin; fungal vaginitis can be treated with antifungal drugs such as fluconazole or clotrimazole; and Trichomonas vaginitis requires oral metronidazole or tinidazole. For vulvitis, avoiding the use of irritating lotions or skin care products and keeping the vulva clean and dry are key. Sexually transmitted infections require the selection of antibiotics or antiviral drugs based on the specific pathogen. Symptoms caused by changes in hormone levels can be relieved by topical estrogen therapy or moisturizers.

In daily life, personal hygiene is an important measure to prevent vulvar pain and abnormal vaginal discharge. Choose cotton underwear, avoid wearing tight clothes, and keep the vulva breathable. Avoid using lotions containing fragrances or chemical ingredients, and wash with warm water. In terms of diet, reduce the intake of high-sugar foods and consume more foods rich in probiotics such as yogurt, which helps maintain the balance of vaginal flora. Regular gynecological examinations, especially when abnormal symptoms occur, seek medical attention in time to identify the cause and receive standardized treatment. Avoid self-medication or ignoring symptoms to avoid delaying the disease or causing complications.