What is endometriosis and how is it caused?

The uterus is the place where life is conceived, but there are various diseases of the uterus, especially some serious diseases that occur in the uterus. So, what is endometriosis? How is it caused?

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease in women caused by the implantation of endometrial cells in abnormal locations. Endometrial cells are supposed to grow in the uterine cavity, but because the uterine cavity is connected to the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube, endometrial cells can enter the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube and grow ectopically. There are many theories about the pathogenesis of this disease, among which the most widely accepted is the endometrial implantation theory. The occurrence of endometriosis is also related to the body's immune function, genetic factors, and environmental factors.

There are many theories about the pathogenesis of this disease, among which the most widely accepted one is the endometrial implantation theory. The occurrence of endometriosis is also related to the body's immune function, genetic factors, and environmental factors. It can be mainly divided into the following aspects:

1. Iatrogenic endometrial transplantation

This is a man-made process that causes the endometrium to be transplanted to certain parts of the uterus, which is often seen during cesarean section, curettage in early and mid-term pregnancy, episiotomy during delivery, artificial abortion, etc. Because the blood in the uterine cavity contains endometrium, it is implanted in the abdominal cavity, abdominal wall, perineum, etc.

2. Defective immune defense

The endometrium that flows back into the abdominal cavity with menstrual blood is like a foreign body. It will activate the body's immune system and mobilize a large number of immune cells and body fluids to encircle and eliminate it. If the body's immune function is defective, it will develop into endometriosis.

3. Endocrine dysfunction

The growth and changes of ectopic endometrium, regardless of its origin, are related to ovarian endocrine secretion. Estrogen can promote growth, while progesterone can inhibit it. Clinically, it has been found that most patients are deficient in progesterone, which contributes to the occurrence and development of this disease.