What are the main symptoms of cervicitis in women? There are three main symptoms of cervicitis in women.

Cervicitis is the most common type of inflammation of the female reproductive organs, with a high incidence rate, accounting for more than half of married women. Cervicitis is a common gynecological inflammation in women of childbearing age. So what are the main symptoms of cervicitis?

1. Main symptoms of cervicitis

Increased vaginal discharge, purulent, foul smell, mild dysmenorrhea, spotty menstruation; lower abdominal distension and discomfort, lower abdominal distension and pain, back pain, accompanied by frequent urination, urgency, sexual intercourse pain, lumbar pain, etc. If it is a gonococcal infection, the symptoms are more obvious, often with yellow purulent vaginal discharge, accompanied by acute urethritis, vaginitis, endometritis, varying degrees of fever and leukocytosis.

2. Acute cervicitis

Acute cervicitis often occurs after childbirth or at the same time as acute pelvic inflammatory disease, and is often easily overlooked. In clinical practice, the most common is chronic cervicitis. In addition to increasing the pain of patients and affecting women's health, chronic cervicitis is also closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer.

3. Chronic cervicitis

Chronic cervicitis is mostly caused by local damage to the cervix during childbirth, abortion or surgery, which leads to bacterial infection. Insufficient hygiene during the postpartum and menstrual periods, or unclean sexual life can also bring bacteria into the reproductive tract and cause cervicitis. Cervical erosion is a common local feature of chronic cervicitis. Due to the infiltration of inflammatory secretions, the squamous epithelium of the cervix falls off and is replaced by the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal, which manifests as cervical erosion.

The relationship between cervical abnormalities and pregnancy

Cervical abnormalities can prevent semen from entering the cervix smoothly, affecting the entry of semen or sperm, and also affecting the normal storage of semen in the cervical canal. Therefore, once cervical lesions occur, female infertility is likely to occur.

First: Clinical manifestations - cervical dysplasia

It may be accompanied by uterine hypoplasia. Severely hypoplastic cervix is ​​slender. Moderately hypoplastic cervix has a 1:1 ratio of uterine length to uterine body, which is the so-called "adolescent uterus". Cervical hypoplasia can lead to insufficient secretion of cervical glands.

Second: Clinical manifestations - abnormal position of cervical canal

It is often accompanied by abnormal position of the uterus. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis can cause the uterus to be extremely retroverted, retroflexed or anteflexed, causing the external cervical os to stick to the anterior fornix, causing the posterior fornix to become shallow and lose its function as a sperm storage pool, which is not conducive to the upward movement of sperm. In addition, cervical elongation, excessive shortening or cervical prolapse may also change the normal positional relationship between the external cervical os and the posterior fornix, hindering the upward movement of sperm.

Third: Clinical manifestations - cervical fibroids

The main cause of infertility caused by cervical fibroids is deformation and stenosis of the cervical canal, which affects the passage of sperm. The main clinical manifestations are irregular menstruation, increased menstrual blood volume, increased leucorrhea, or bladder and rectal symptoms. Some patients are asymptomatic. Gynecological examinations can reveal protruding fibroid nodules in the cervix or changes in the appearance of the cervix. The cervix on the side where the fibroid is located is enlarged, while the opposite side is compressed and thinned, and the external opening of the cervix is ​​stretched and flattened to form a twisted shape.

Fourth: Clinical manifestations - cervical atresia and stenosis

Congenital cervical atresia or stenosis is mostly caused by incomplete formation and fusion of the lower segments of bilateral Mullerian ducts. It is rare clinically and is often accompanied by uterine hypoplasia, and most secondary sexual characteristics develop normally. If the patient's endometrial function is good, periodic lower abdominal pain may occur during adolescence due to intrauterine blood accumulation, or scanty menstruation with dysmenorrhea. Menstrual blood can also flow back into the abdominal cavity through the fallopian tube, causing pelvic endometriosis. Acquired cervical atresia and stenosis are often seen after artificial abortion or after electrocautery and cryotherapy for cervicitis. The main reason is that the cervix is ​​not fully dilated during suction, or the suction tube is removed with negative pressure, causing damage to the cervical endometrium and adhesion and closure of the wound surface. Electrocautery or cryotherapy for cervicitis treatment is too deep, resulting in adhesion or stenosis of the cervical canal. The clinical manifestations are amenorrhea with periodic lower abdominal pain after artificial abortion or treatment of cervicitis. Gynecological examination found that the vagina was purple-blue, the cervix was obviously painful, and the uterus was slightly full, active, and tender.