What are the special types of uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are also called uterine leiomyoma. In addition to the common types, some patients may also have special types of uterine fibroids, mainly including the following aspects:

1. Cell-rich leiomyoma

Its clinical manifestations and gross morphology are no different from those of common leiomyoma, and it is easy to identify under light microscopy. Under light microscopy, abundant smooth muscle cells can be seen; the cytoplasm of tumor cells is relatively reduced; there is no atypical shape or only a few cells have atypical shape; nuclear division is occasionally seen.

2. High-mitotic leiomyoma

The difference from ordinary uterine leiomyoma is that more nuclear division images are seen under the microscope, but there is no abnormal nuclear division, no tumor cell necrosis, excessive cells, cell pleomorphism, anaplasia or giant cells.

3. Atypical leiomyoma

Also known as bizarre leiomyoma, it is indistinguishable from common leiomyoma except for the microscopic manifestations. The tumor cells are polygonal or round, polymorphic, with large and darkly stained nuclei, multinucleated giant cells, but very few mitotic figures.

4. Epithelioid leiomyoma

It is relatively rare, and its tumor cells are round or polygonal, arranged in groups or cords similar to epithelial cells, and there are many different types.

5. Vascular leiomyoma

Under the microscope, abundant blood vessels can be seen, with obvious vascular endothelial cells. Tumor cells are arranged around the blood vessels and are closely connected to the vascular smooth muscle, with very few nuclear division images.

In addition to the above types, special types of uterine fibroids include: intravenous leiomyoma, disseminated peritoneal leiomyoma, and benign metastatic leiomyoma, etc.