What are the symptoms of hydatidiform mole?

Symptoms of hydatidiform mole include abnormal vaginal bleeding, abnormal uterine enlargement and aggravated pregnancy reactions. You need to seek medical attention in time for uterine curettage or chemotherapy. Hydatidiform mole is a gestational trophoblastic disease, which can be divided into complete and partial. The cause may be related to genetics, environment, egg or sperm abnormalities.

1. Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a typical symptom of hydatidiform mole. It usually occurs in early pregnancy. The amount of bleeding can be more or less. The color is dark red or brown, and may be accompanied by blister-like tissue discharge. This bleeding is different from the small amount of bleeding in normal pregnancy and needs to be taken seriously. Ultrasound examination can find that there is no normal embryonic structure in the uterus, but it is full of blister-like tissue.

2. Abnormal enlargement of the uterus is another common symptom. The size of the uterus often exceeds the corresponding gestational age and the texture is soft. This is due to the rapid proliferation of hydatidiform mole tissue, which may be accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen. During the physical examination, the doctor may find that the uterus does not match the gestational age, and further examination is needed to confirm.

3. Increased pregnancy reaction is also one of the manifestations of hydatidiform mole. Nausea, vomiting and other symptoms are more severe than normal pregnancy and may last until the second trimester. This is because the hydatidiform mole tissue secretes a large amount of human chorionic gonadotropin hCG, and the hCG level in the blood and urine is abnormally high.

4. The cause of hydatidiform mole is complex and may be related to genetic factors, such as chromosomal abnormalities of the parents. Environmental factors such as malnutrition and viral infection may also increase the risk. After abnormal fertilization of the egg or sperm, the embryo develops abnormally and forms hydatidiform mole tissue.

5. The main method for treating hydatidiform mole is curettage, which removes abnormal tissue in the uterus through vacuum suction or curettage. hCG levels should be monitored regularly after surgery to ensure complete removal. For malignant hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma, chemotherapy is required, and commonly used drugs include methotrexate, actinomycin D, etc.

6. The key to preventing hydatidiform mole is to have a pre-pregnancy check-up and understand your health status. Have regular prenatal check-ups during pregnancy to detect abnormalities in a timely manner. Maintain good living habits and avoid contact with harmful substances to reduce risks.

If you are pregnant with a hydatidiform mole, you need to seek medical attention immediately and receive treatment through uterine curettage or chemotherapy. After surgery, hCG levels should be monitored regularly to prevent recurrence. Understanding the symptoms and causes of hydatidiform mole can help with early detection and treatment, and protect women's health.