How is pelvic inflammatory disease diagnosed?

If a woman has lower abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge, and purulent discharge, it is often considered to be pelvic inflammatory disease. Pelvic inflammatory disease is a common disease among women and is very harmful to women. Women must go to a regular hospital to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, check and confirm the cause, and treat it symptomatically. So how to diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease?

1. Typical clinical manifestations.

This is a professional step to diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease. Typical symptoms are fever, lower abdominal pain that refuses to be pressed, and a large amount of purulent vaginal discharge. It may be accompanied by fatigue, back pain, and menstrual disorders. In severe cases, high fever, chills, headache, and loss of appetite may be seen. If there is peritonitis, digestive system symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension may occur. If an abscess is formed, bladder irritation symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and pain may occur in the front. Rectal irritation symptoms such as tenesmus, anal distension, diarrhea, and difficulty in defecation may occur in the back. When sepsis occurs, it is often accompanied by abscess lesions in other parts of the body.

2. Physical signs.

The uterus is often posteriorly located, with limited mobility or adhesions. If it is salpingitis, thickened fallopian tubes can be felt on one or both sides of the uterus, in a cord-like shape, with mild tenderness. If it is hydrosalpinx or tubo-ovarian cysts, cystic masses can be felt on one or both sides of the pelvic cavity, with limited mobility. If it is pelvic connective tissue inflammation, there will be flake thickening and tenderness on one or both sides of the uterus, and the uterosacral ligaments will be thickened, hardened, and tender.

3. Gynecological examination.

The vagina and cervix are congested, with a large amount of purulent secretions, and obvious pain when the cervix is ​​lifted. The uterus is tender and limited in movement. In case of salpingitis, the uterus may be thickened in a cord-like manner on one or both sides, with obvious tenderness. In case of connective tissue inflammation, the uterus may be thickened in a sheet-like manner on one or both sides, and the uterosacral ligament may be thickened, with obvious tenderness. When a pelvic abscess is formed, a cystic mass with unclear boundaries may be palpated, with tenderness. This is an important basis for diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease.

4. Routine blood test.

White blood cells: 10x109/L, with a predominant increase in neutrophils.

5. Ultrasound examination.

Indicates exudation or inflammatory mass in the pelvic cavity.