What is the cause of recurrent miscarriage? Is blocking antibody the real culprit?

In our lives, we will meet some pregnant women who always feel painful for spontaneous abortion with unstable babies. Once they know they are pregnant, they are very careful everywhere, but the result is still miscarriage. Because of this, there are not a few people who come to the eugenics genetic counseling clinic. Repeated miscarriage is a heavy blow to couples and their families, especially women physically and psychologically. Because of miscarriage, these women often become very nervous when they are pregnant again. With the increase of age, the number of pregnancies increases, and the psychological burden becomes heavier, especially when there are signs of miscarriage such as abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, they will be more nervous. Repeated spontaneous abortion causes women to be in chronic negative psychological stimulation for a long time, and this negative psychological stimulation in turn affects natural pregnancy.

Some inexperienced doctors always believe that habitual miscarriage is only caused by lack of progesterone in the body, so they inject progesterone into these pregnant women according to the conventional method. However, some pregnant women eventually failed to keep their children.

Normal pregnancy can be regarded as semi-allogeneic transplantation. The maternal immune system responds to the identification of the embryo carrying the paternal HLA. The reason why the fetus is not rejected by the maternal immune system is mainly related to maternal immune tolerance during pregnancy. The lack of blocking antibodies is a very important factor. Blocking antibodies can appear in the first pregnancy. It can inhibit the recognition of paternal antigens by maternal lymphocytes, block their cytotoxic effects, and protect the fetus and trophoblasts from harm. Secondly, blocking antibodies can bind to trophoblasts at the maternal-fetal interface, cut off the flow of maternal lymphocytes to the embryo, and thus play a role in immune protection of the fetus. In other words, blocking antibodies act as a "barrier" to prevent unwelcome factors from invading the embryo. During pregnancy, once the mother lacks sufficient blocking antibodies as protection, it will cause the mother to reject the fetus and lead to miscarriage.

Therefore, for women with recurrent miscarriage, in addition to excluding genetic, environmental, infectious, reproductive tract, autoimmune factors and other causes, negative blocking antibodies in the blood should also be included in the treatment scope. During the treatment, lymph is extracted from the husband's peripheral blood and injected subcutaneously into the wife's forearm in a triangle arrangement, 3 points on each side, once a month, and 3 times as a course of treatment. Recheck the blocking antibodies two weeks after treatment. If the blocking antibodies turn positive, pregnancy can be arranged. If negative, immunotherapy should be performed again. After pregnancy, treatment is continued until 12-16 weeks of pregnancy, and B-ultrasound indicates that the fetus is developing normally and then stops.