How to diagnose cervicitis?

What are the diagnostic bases for cervicitis? Cervicitis is a common gynecological disease caused by the invasion of pathogens after cervical injury. Cervical erosion, cervical hypertrophy, cervical polyps, etc. are all common cervicitis diseases. So what are the bases for diagnosing cervicitis? The following is a relevant introduction.

Acute cervicitis is mostly caused by anaerobic streptococci, hemolytic streptococci, Staphylococci, Escherichia coli or Trichomonas. It is prone to occur in the postpartum period and often occurs at the same time as acute vaginitis or acute endometritis, but it is much less common clinically than chronic cases.

1. Diagnosis

Acute cervicitis should be differentiated from acute specific cervicitis. For example, if there is a Trichomonas infection, a smear of the secretions can confirm the diagnosis if Trichomonas is found.

Clinical manifestations:

(1) Symptoms: Increased vaginal discharge, which is white and sticky or yellow-green and purulent. Patients experience back pain, lower abdominal discomfort, vulvar itching, or stinging during urination. If caused by gonorrhea, fever is common.

(2) Physical signs: Cervical congestion, edema, and local contact bleeding. In severe cases, the cervical surface epithelium is exfoliated, necrotic, and ulcerated, the cervical mucosa is turned outward, and a large amount of purulent mucus is discharged from the endocervical canal.

(3) Secretion smear: A large number of pus cells can be seen when examining and culturing the smear, and bacteria can be found when performing Gram staining; secretion culture can culture out pathogenic bacteria.

(4) Pathological examination: The squamous epithelium of the cervix is ​​shed, the endometrial glands are hypersecreting, and a large number of neutrophils infiltrate the stroma and around the glands. In severe cases, neutrophils can invade the surface layer and even the glandular epithelial cells. Tissue edema, vascular dilation and congestion, but pathological examination is generally not performed during the acute inflammatory period.