What is the relationship between abortion and infertility?

Artificial abortion refers to the operation of terminating pregnancy by artificial means within 26 weeks of pregnancy. Early abortion is within 3 months. 3-6 months is called late abortion. Early abortion can be performed by vacuum aspiration and forceps curettage, while late abortion is mainly performed by mid-term induction of labor. In recent years, medical abortion has been widely used in early abortion, and the main drugs used are mifepristone and misoprostol.

Artificial abortion is only a remedial measure after contraception fails. Repeated artificial abortions will affect women's physical and mental health, and in severe cases will have a negative impact on future pregnancy and childbirth. In clinical practice, infertile women after artificial abortion are often seen.

During artificial abortion, there may be complications such as uterine perforation, hypervagal syndrome (also known as cardiocerebral syndrome), bleeding, cervical laceration, incomplete abortion, air embolism, etc. Multiple artificial abortions or improper post-abortion treatment may also cause long-term complications, mainly:

(1) Infection: Acute endometritis or acute pelvic inflammatory disease may occur after artificial abortion

(2) Menstrual disorders: Artificial abortion disrupts the normal ovarian cycle, and sometimes menstrual disorders may occur after the operation, manifested as irregular menstrual cycles and increased menstrual flow.

(3) Adhesions of the cervical canal and uterine cavity: mostly adhesions of the internal os of the cervix.

(4) Others: Artificial abortion may increase the incidence of endometriosis, cause chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and increase the rate of secondary infertility.