Complications caused by artificial abortion and corresponding treatment methods

Artificial abortion is a remedy for contraceptive failure. The operation is traumatic and risky. We should encourage good contraceptive measures and avoid this operation.

(1) Comprehensive reaction to artificial abortion: During or after the operation, some patients experience bradycardia, arrhythmia, decreased blood pressure, pale complexion, dizziness, chest tightness, sweating, and even fainting, convulsions and other symptoms of vagal nerve collapse in severe cases. Most patients gradually recover after the operation is stopped. When suffering from various heart diseases, anemia, asthma, chronic nephritis and other diseases, the patient's body condition is poor, ischemia or hypoxia can aggravate the above symptoms and inhibit cardiac arrest. Prevention and treatment methods: Patients do not need to be nervous and try to relax. If necessary, atropine 0.5-1.0 mg intravenous injection before the operation has a certain effect and is suitable for routine injection.

(2) Incomplete aspiration: refers to the residual part of the placenta and possibly the fetus after the artificial abortion. It is related to the operator's unskilled technique or abnormal uterine position. If vaginal bleeding lasts for more than 10 days after the operation, the amount of blood is too much, or there is a lot of bleeding after the bleeding stops, it should be considered as incomplete aspiration. B-ultrasound is helpful for diagnosis. Treatment: If there are no signs of infection, curettage should be performed as soon as possible, and the scrapings should be sent for pathological examination. Anti-infection should be given after the operation. If there is infection at the same time, curettage should be performed after the infection is controlled.

(3) Reproductive system infection: Acute endometritis may occur, and occasionally acute salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. Infection should be prevented after surgery and antibiotics should be used.

(4) Uterine perforation: It is one of the serious complications of surgical abortion, but the incidence is low and can be caused by various surgical instruments. When the surgical instrument enters the uterine cavity and cannot find the uterine fundus, it indicates uterine perforation. If the perforation is caused by a suction tube or placenta clamp, sometimes the intra-abdominal tissue can be sucked out with the feces clamp. Doctors generally deal with it according to the situation: if the pregnancy residue has been removed, the perforation is small, and there are no obvious complications, the operation should be stopped immediately, and uterine contraction agents should be injected. To prevent infection, antibiotics should be used, and the patient should be hospitalized for close observation. If it is confirmed that there are pregnancy residues in the uterus, the position of the uterus should be corrected, and an experienced physician should avoid the perforation site, or the operation can be completed with the help of a laparoscope. Uterine contraction agents can also be used, and then the curettage can be performed at 10 strokes. If the perforation is large, it is caused by a suction tube, curette, or placenta clamp, and it is difficult to rule out damage to the abdominal organs. Laparotomy should be performed and appropriate treatment should be given according to the injury.

Performing an artificial abortion under painless anesthesia can alleviate pain and reduce the occurrence of complications.