What are the causes of cervical erosion?

The formation of cervical erosion is related to many factors, including physiological changes, hormone levels, inflammatory stimulation, etc. In most cases, it is a normal physiological phenomenon and there is no need to worry too much. Cervical erosion can be improved through drug therapy, physical therapy or surgical intervention.

1. Physiological factors

Cervical erosion is not a true "erosion", but a manifestation of the outward migration of the cervical columnar epithelium. When women are in adolescence, pregnancy or taking birth control pills, the estrogen level in their bodies increases, which may cause the columnar epithelium in the cervical canal to grow outward and cover the surface of the cervix, forming an appearance similar to "erosion". This phenomenon usually does not require special treatment, and regular checkups are sufficient.

2. Inflammatory stimulation

Chronic cervicitis is a common cause of cervical erosion. Bacterial, viral or fungal infections may cause cervical inflammation, resulting in damage to cervical epithelial cells and subsequent erosion-like changes. Common pathogens include human papillomavirus HPV, Chlamydia trachomatis, etc. Treatment of inflammation can relieve erosion symptoms. Commonly used drugs include antibiotics such as azithromycin, antiviral drugs such as interferon, and local anti-inflammatory suppositories.

3. Changes in hormone levels

Fluctuations in estrogen levels may affect the growth and distribution of cervical epithelial cells. The incidence of cervical erosion is higher in pregnant women due to significantly increased hormone levels. Long-term use of contraceptives containing estrogen may also lead to similar conditions. Symptoms may resolve on their own after adjusting hormone levels or stopping related medications.

4. Trauma or mechanical stimulation

Frequent gynecological examinations, artificial abortions or childbirth may cause damage to cervical tissue and induce erosion-like changes. Avoiding unnecessary mechanical stimulation and paying attention to personal hygiene can help prevent the occurrence of cervical erosion.

5. Pathological factors

Some cervical erosions may be related to cervical precancerous lesions or early cervical cancer. If the erosion area is large and accompanied by abnormal bleeding or increased secretions, you need to seek medical attention in time and undergo cervical cytology tests such as TCT or HPV testing to rule out malignant lesions.

For the treatment of cervical erosion, the following methods can be selected according to the specific situation:

Drug treatment: Use antibiotics, antiviral drugs or local anti-inflammatory suppositories to relieve inflammatory symptoms.

Physical therapy: such as laser, cryotherapy or microwave therapy, which destroys abnormal epithelial tissue and promotes regeneration of normal epithelium.

Surgical treatment: For severe cases, cervical conization or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) may be considered to remove the diseased tissue.

In most cases, cervical erosion does not require excessive treatment, but regular gynecological examinations are required to rule out potential diseases. Maintaining good living habits, avoiding unclean sexual behavior, and paying attention to personal hygiene can help prevent the occurrence and development of cervical erosion. If abnormal symptoms occur, you should seek medical attention in time, get a clear diagnosis, and receive targeted treatment.