What is functional uterine bleeding?

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is abnormal uterine bleeding caused by endocrine disorders, which is common in adolescent and menopausal women and manifests as irregular menstrual cycles, excessive menstrual flow or prolonged menstrual duration. Treatment includes medication, lifestyle adjustments and surgical intervention when necessary.

1. Endocrine disorders are the main cause of functional uterine bleeding. Adolescent women have immature hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis and unstable hormone secretion, which can easily lead to menstrual disorders. Menopausal women have ovarian dysfunction and fluctuating estrogen levels, which can cause irregular bleeding. Stress, mood swings, weight changes, etc. can also affect hormone balance and lead to functional uterine bleeding.

2. Drug treatment is the main method for functional uterine bleeding. Hormonal drugs such as oral contraceptives, progesterone and estrogen can regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding. Non-hormonal drugs such as hemostatic drugs tranexamic acid and antifibrinolytic drugs can also effectively control bleeding. Traditional Chinese medicine conditioning such as angelica, white peony root, and Rehmannia root can also help improve symptoms.

3. Lifestyle adjustment is crucial for the management of functional uterine bleeding. Maintaining a regular schedule and avoiding excessive fatigue and mental stress can help maintain hormone balance. In terms of diet, increase iron-rich foods such as red meat, spinach, and beans to prevent anemia. Moderate exercise such as yoga and walking can promote blood circulation and relieve symptoms.

4. Surgical treatment is suitable for patients who are ineffective with drug treatment or have severe bleeding. Endometrial resection reduces bleeding by removing part of the endometrium. Uterine artery embolization controls bleeding by blocking blood flow in the uterine artery. Hysterectomy is the last choice and is suitable for patients who have no fertility needs and severe symptoms.

Although functional uterine bleeding is not life-threatening, it seriously affects the quality of life. Timely medical treatment, identification of the cause, and appropriate treatment measures can effectively control symptoms and restore normal life. Maintaining good living habits and paying attention to one's own health are the keys to preventing and managing functional uterine bleeding.