In 2015, there were more than 6 billion obese people in the world. Safe weight loss without regaining weight

Obesity can lead to many chronic diseases. According to WHO estimates, by 2015, the world's population will reach 6 billion, and the total number of overweight people will rise to 2.3 billion. It is obvious that obesity has become a very serious global health issue. Guided by health awareness, weight loss has gradually become a national movement. However, in addition to dieting, medication and exercise, weight loss surgery is still a more effective treatment option for some people who have difficulty losing weight, such as those with morbid obesity, poor joints, and those who cannot exercise normally.

Obesity has become a global health issue, and weight loss has gradually become a national movement. (Photo provided by E-Da Hospital)

The earliest obesity surgery originated in the 1950s. The first generation of weight loss surgery was inspired by observing patients with short bowel syndrome. Surgeons saw that some patients with short bowel syndrome suffered from poor absorption due to their short small intestine, which led to weight loss, and some people required long-term intravenous total intravenous nutrition supplementation. Therefore, they wanted to use the same principle of bypassing the small intestine to reduce absorption and try to shorten the small intestine. Therefore, they invented the "Small Intestinal Bypass" (Jejunoileal Bypass).

In the 1950s and 1960s, small bowel bypass was the main weight loss surgery, and the weight loss results were very significant. However, most patients had complications to varying degrees, such as bacterial growth in the intestines and cirrhosis of the liver. In the early 1970s, Italian medical experts improved the small intestinal bypass surgery and innovated the "biliary pancreatic bypass" (Biliopancreatic Bypass), entering the second generation of weight loss surgery and replacing the small intestinal bypass surgery. Although this type of weight loss surgery that reduces absorption is effective, these surgeries are relatively risky and the problem of long-term malnutrition is still common.

Therefore, in the 1960s and 1970s, bariatric surgery began to develop another principle of weight loss, namely the introduction of "restrictive weight loss surgery", which officially entered the third generation of the concept of weight loss surgery. The principle is to limit the amount of food the patient eats, which greatly reduces the risk of surgery. Dr. Edward Mason from the United States can be said to be the father of bariatric surgery. He developed a variety of restrictive bariatric surgeries, including gastric reduction and other different gastric bariatric surgeries. By the 1990s, the introduction of gastric banding and minimally invasive surgery began to become widely used in Europe and the United States, laying the foundation for the subsequent development of weight loss surgery.

In the past decade or so, weight loss surgery has evolved from "gastric balloon placement" to "intragastric botulinum toxin injection", the invention of "laparoscopic adjustable gastric band", "laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery", and even "gastric band folding surgery", combining the concept of minimally invasive surgery. Gastric balloon placement is a procedure in which a balloon is placed in the stomach through a gastroscope. The purpose is to reduce gastric volume and the feeling of emptying to achieve a weight loss effect. "Intragastric Botox Injection" is to use gastroscopy to inject Botox into the stomach wall to slow down gastric activity, reduce appetite, and thus lose weight. "Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery" is a minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery method to place a gastric band on the upper part of the patient's stomach to create a small stomach pouch and control food intake in the long term. Gastric band plication surgery uses a laparoscope to fold the greater curvature of the stomach vertically with needle and thread, greatly reducing the stomach capacity. These surgeries bring new hope to weight loss patients!

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