What are the ultrasound sonographic manifestations of uterine fibroids?

The ultrasound image of uterine fibroids is related to its type. Subserous fibroids will have phenomena such as uterine enlargement and morphological changes, with the serosa protruding outward and weak or medium echoes. Intramural fibroids have low echoes, vary in size, and have intact capsules. Submucosal fibroids will have low echo nodules protruding into the uterine cavity. Fibroid degeneration may have hyalinization, cystic degeneration or calcification.

Uterine fibroids are a type of reproductive organ tumor with a very high incidence rate in clinical practice. The disease not only has a high incidence rate, but also has diverse clinical manifestations. In order to understand the specific condition, it is usually necessary to go to the hospital for corresponding examinations. Ultrasound examination is a common examination item, which helps to make a preliminary diagnosis of the condition. So what are the ultrasound sonographic manifestations of uterine fibroids?
1. Ultrasound and sonographic manifestations of subserosal fibroids <br/>If it is a subserosal fibroid, an ultrasound examination will reveal that the uterus is enlarged and the uterine shape is abnormal. The serosa protrudes outward in a round or semicircular shape, and there are weak or medium echoes. The tumor and the uterus are not separated. Color Doppler examination will find that there is a ring-shaped blood flow signal around the tumor and it extends to the tumor. If the tumor protrudes into the broad ligament, a round mass will appear on one side of the uterus. This type of tumor is generally larger in size, and the color blood flow signal at the pedicle comes from the uterus.
2. Ultrasound and sonographic manifestations of intramural fibroids <br/>If it is an intramural fibroid, ultrasound examination will reveal low echoes, and the size is different, and the capsule is intact. At this time, there is a clear boundary between the tumor and the normal myometrium of the uterine wall, and there are ring-shaped color blood flow signals around it. If the tumor is relatively large, it often compresses and pushes the uterine cavity, causing the echo of the endometrium to shift or deform.
3. Ultrasound and sonographic manifestations of submucosal fibroids <br/>Submucosal fibroids will have low-echo nodules in the subendomysial layer, and these nodules will generally protrude into the uterine cavity. If the whole nodule protrudes into the uterine cavity, there will be a substantial space-occupying mass in the uterine cavity, but at this time there is still a gap between the fibroid and the endometrium. Color Doppler ultrasound examination will reveal that there are ring-shaped or semi-ring-shaped blood flow signals around the tumor, and the internal blood flow signals are usually strip-shaped.
4. Ultrasound and sonographic manifestations of fibroid degeneration <br/>If the fibroid degenerates, ultrasound examination will reveal hyaline or cystic changes, and sometimes calcification. Hyaline changes usually occur in large fibroids larger than 4 cm. At this time, the fibroid will have an echo-free area with unclear edges and enhanced echoes in the back. Cystic changes usually appear as circular echo-free areas with clear boundaries. Fibroid calcification can appear as a light mass with strong echoes or an arc-shaped light band.