Early symptoms of hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia, also known as hyperprolactinemia, is a syndrome of reproductive endocrine disorders of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis caused by various reasons, characterized by elevated serum prolactin and related clinical manifestations. It is a common clinical disease that can affect the reproductive, endocrine and nervous systems. So, what are the early symptoms of this disease?

The main symptoms of early hyperprolactinemia:

(1) Infertility: High prolactin acts on the pituitary gland, inhibiting the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. If the follicle-stimulating hormone is too low, it is not enough to mature the follicles. If the luteinizing hormone is too low, there will be no luteinizing hormone peak, so there will be no ovulation and infertility. When the prolactin concentration in the blood increases, the prolactin level in the follicular fluid also increases, the estrogen level decreases, the granulosa cells decrease significantly, and the secretion of progesterone decreases, causing luteal insufficiency and leading to infertility or early pregnancy miscarriage.

(2) Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea: Menstruation may be normal at the beginning, but gradually becomes oligomenorrhea and even amenorrhea. Characteristics of amenorrhea: low luteinizing hormone levels, disappearance of normal fluctuations, resulting in anovulation, no positive feedback from estrogen, no luteinizing hormone peak, and no response to clomiphene.

(3) Lactation: Non-postpartum lactation is a sign of hyperprolactinemia, accounting for about 1/3 to 2/3 of hyperprolactinemia. About 30% of cases are not accompanied by elevated prolactin and coexist with amenorrhea, which is often called amenorrhea and lactation syndrome. If high prolactin, amenorrhea, and lactation coexist, 2/3 of the cases have pituitary tumors.

(4) Others: If there is a pituitary tumor, it may cause headaches, decreased vision and visual field defects. Due to low estrogen levels, symptoms such as decreased libido, vaginal dryness, difficulty in sexual intercourse and smaller breasts may occur.

The above is an analysis of the early symptoms of hyperprolactinemia. Everyone must actively grasp them.