What is adenomyosis and what causes it

Adenomyosis is the most common gynecological disease. To put it simply, adenomyosis is a benign lesion caused by the invasion of the female endometrium into the myometrium. The main symptoms of adenomyosis are dysmenorrhea, increased menstrual flow, and enlarged uterus. It can be said that adenomyosis is a gynecological symptom that is common in women aged 30 to 50.

Of course, although adenomyosis is benign, if it is not treated in time, it will cause great harm to the patient's physical and mental health. Therefore, if you have symptoms of adenomyosis in daily life, you should seek medical attention in time.

Adenomyosis is a benign lesion caused by the invasion of the endometrium into the myometrium. Pathologically, the myometrium is thickened, and there are island-like endometrial glands and stroma between the muscle walls, accompanied by smooth muscle fiber hyperplasia. Clinically, it mainly manifests as dysmenorrhea, increased menstrual flow, and uterine enlargement. Accompanied by diffuse hyperplasia of the myometrium, it was called intrinsic endometriosis in the past. However, its etiology, age of onset, clinical manifestations, and treatment principles are different from those of extrinsic endometriosis, and it mostly occurs in multiparous women aged 40 to 50. The reason is that the basal layer of the endometrium extends directly to the myometrium, not due to implantation or metaplasia.

Ectopic endometrium is diffused in the uterine muscle wall, more common in the posterior wall. The muscle fibers are diffusely reactively proliferated. The uterus is uniformly enlarged and hard, and the size may change before and after menstruation. It is often combined with endometriosis, myoma and pelvic inflammatory adhesions. If the patient is young and the symptoms are not severe, observation and symptomatic treatment can be performed. Progesterone, androgen, cottonpol, etc. can alleviate the symptoms. For those with severe symptoms or no need to retain reproductive function, hysterectomy can be performed, and the ovaries can be retained as much as possible. For those with pelvic endometriosis, the lesions are removed as much as possible to retain ovarian function, so that the patient can go into natural menopause. For those who want to have children, hormone treatment can be used for 6 to 12 months, and the drug can be stopped in the hope of pregnancy in the short term. If it is found during surgical exploration, the adenomyoma should be removed and the uterus should be retained. There is still a lack of effective measures to prevent adenomyosis.

Having fewer children, having fewer abortions or curettages, and promptly detecting and treating reproductive tract stenosis or obstructive diseases may reduce the chances of developing them. Sometimes some gynecological diseases are unavoidable for female friends, but if they can be detected and treated in time before the disease reaches the late stage, then the harm of gynecological diseases to female friends can be reduced. Therefore, here I urge all female friends to have a physical examination.